Testes are very prone to be damaged by environmental pollutants, but there is a lack of information about the impact of “chemical cocktails” (CC) on the testicular metabolome and the possible influence in the gut-gonad crosstalk. For this, BALB/c mice were given flumequine and diclofenac orally in food and potentially toxic trace elements (Cd, Hg, As) in drinking water. A mice group was supplemented with selenium, a well-known antagonist against many pollutants. Our results revealed that the steroid 5-alpha-androstan-17-beta-ol propionate, suggested as a parameter of androgenicity independent of testosterone levels, proline that improves reproductive indicators in male rabbits affected by environmental stress) among others metabolites are only present after CC exposure with rodent and selenium supplemented diet. Selenium also antagonized the up-or down-regulation of anandamide (20:l, n-9) (p < 0.001 and FC 0.54 of CC vs C but p > 0,05 and FC 0.74 of CC-Se vs C), that regulates gonadotropin-releasing hormones in mammals, 2,3-dinor-11b-PGF2a (p < 0.001 and FC 0.12 of CC vs C but p > 0,05 and FC 0.34 of CC-Se vs C), which has been related with reproductive hormones, besides others testicular metabolites altered by the exposure to the CC and reversed the levels to control. Moreover, numerous significant associations between gut microbes and testicular metabolites indicated a possible impact of pollutants in the testes mediated by gut microbiota due to a gut-gonad crosstalk.

中文翻译：

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暴露于“化学鸡尾酒”的小鼠的肠道-性腺串扰通过扩增子测序结合代谢组学和微生物谱

睾丸很容易受到环境污染物的损害，但缺乏关于“化学鸡尾酒”（CC）对睾丸代谢组的影响以及对肠道-性腺串扰的可能影响的信息。为此，BALB/c 小鼠在食物中口服氟甲喹和双氯芬酸，并在饮用水中口服潜在有毒的微量元素（镉、汞、砷）。一组小鼠补充了硒，这是一种众所周知的许多污染物的拮抗剂。我们的结果显示，类固醇 5-α-雄激素-17-β-醇丙酸酯（建议作为独立于睾酮水平的雄激素参数）、脯氨酸（改善受环境压力影响的雄性兔子的生殖指标）以及其他代谢物仅在CC 暴露与啮齿动物和补硒饮食。硒还拮抗 anandamide (20:l, n-9) 的上调或下调（CC vs C 的 p < 0.001 和 FC 0.54，但 CC-Se vs C 的 p > 0.05 和 FC 0.74），即调节哺乳动物中的促性腺激素释放激素 2,3-dinor-11b-PGF2a（CC 与 C 的 p < 0.001 和 FC 0.12，但 CC-Se 与 C 的 p > 0,05 和 FC 0.34），这与生殖激素以及其他睾丸代谢物因接触 CC 而改变，并逆转了水平以进行控制。此外，肠道微生物和睾丸代谢物之间的许多显着关联表明，由于肠道-性腺串扰，肠道微生物群介导的睾丸污染物可能产生影响。