Sea buckthorn (Hippophae L.), a well-known medicinal and edible plant, is known as the “king of VC”. Due to its excellent medicinal and nutritional value, it has been developed into a variety of functional products. Sea buckthorn polysaccharides (SPs), one of the important and representative active components, have attracted the attention of researchers in the fields of health food and medicine because of their potential beneficial effects on human health. Recently, SPs have shown various biological activities in in vitro and in vivo studies, such as anti-obesity, immunomodulatory, anti-tumor, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-fatigue, and hepatoprotective activities. This review provides a comprehensive and systematic summary of the extraction and purification methods, structural characterization, biological activity, and market trends of SPs to provide a theoretical basis for their therapeutic potential and sanitarian functions. A future scope is needed to further explore the medicinal and nutritional value of SPs and incorporate them in functional food products.

中文翻译：

---

古老植物药食多糖：沙棘多糖的提取、分离、纯化、结构、生物活性及市场动态

沙棘（Hippophae L.）是著名的药食两用植物，被誉为“VC之王”。由于其优良的药用和营养价值，已被开发成多种功能性产品。沙棘多糖（SPs）作为重要且有代表性的活性成分之一，因其对人体健康的潜在有益作用而引起了保健食品和医药领域研究人员的关注。近年来，SPs在体外和体内研究中显示出多种生物活性，如抗肥胖、免疫调节、抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗炎、抗疲劳和保肝活性。该综述对SP的提取纯化方法、结构表征、生物活性和市场趋势进行了全面、系统的总结，为其治疗潜力和保健功能提供理论依据。未来需要进一步探索 SP 的药用和营养价值，并将其纳入功能性食品中。