Cellular senescence is a kind of cellular state triggered by endogenous or exogenous stimuli, which is mainly characterized by stable cell cycle arrest and complex senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Once senescent cells accumulate in tissues, they may eventually accelerate the progression of age-related diseases, such as atherosclerosis, osteoarthritis, chronic lung diseases, cancers, etc. Recent studies have shown that the disorders of lipid metabolism are not only related to age-related diseases, but also regulate the cellular senescence process. Based on existing research evidences, the changes in lipid metabolism in senescent cells are mainly concentrated in the metabolic processes of phospholipids, fatty acids and cholesterol. Obviously, the changes in lipid-metabolizing enzymes and proteins involved in these pathways play a critical role in senescence. However, the link between cellular senescence, changes in lipid metabolism and age-related disease remains to be elucidated. Herein, we summarize the lipid metabolism changes in senescent cells, especially the senescent cells that promote age-related diseases, as well as focusing on the role of lipid-related enzymes or proteins in senescence. Finally, we explore the prospect of lipids in cellular senescence and their potential as drug targets for preventing and delaying age-related diseases.

中文翻译：

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细胞衰老中的脂质和脂质代谢：年龄相关疾病的新兴目标

细胞衰老是一种由内源或外源刺激触发的细胞状态，其主要特征是稳定的细胞周期停滞和复杂的衰老相关分泌表型（SASP）。衰老细胞一旦在组织中积累，最终可能会加速与年龄相关的疾病的进展，如动脉粥样硬化、骨关节炎、慢性肺病、癌症等。最近的研究表明，脂质代谢紊乱不仅与年龄有关，相关疾病，还调节细胞衰老过程。根据现有的研究证据，衰老细胞脂质代谢的变化主要集中在磷脂、脂肪酸和胆固醇的代谢过程中。显然，参与这些途径的脂质代谢酶和蛋白质的变化在衰老中发挥着关键作用。然而，细胞衰老、脂质代谢变化和年龄相关疾病之间的联系仍有待阐明。在此，我们总结了衰老细胞中脂质代谢的变化，特别是促进年龄相关疾病的衰老细胞，以及重点关注脂质相关酶或蛋白质在衰老中的作用。最后，我们探讨了脂质在细胞衰老中的前景及其作为预防和延缓年龄相关疾病的药物靶点的潜力。