Governments’ policies worldwide seek to improve the energy efficiency of housing stocks. In temperate climates, there are concerns that energy efficiency measures increase the risk of summertime overheating. A systematic evidence review screened 311 documents reporting the effect of energy efficiency measures on overheating. The temperatures in 750 English living rooms and bedrooms measured as part of the Energy Follow-up Survey during the hot summer of 2018 were re-analysed. The frequency and intensity with which temperatures exceeded thresholds associated with overheating and cold discomfort were calculated. The re-analysis revealed that energy efficiency measures had the desired effect: they kept rooms significantly warmer, reducing the occurrence of cold discomfort. However, none of the energy efficiency measures examined, nor the overall efficiency of the dwelling, significantly affected the frequency of overheating. In fact, loft and wall insulation may reduce overheating risk in houses. Built form, whether a house or flat, had a significant impact on the frequency of overheating. More work is needed on the risk of overheating in very highly insulated dwellings. It is concluded that policies aimed at improving the energy efficiency of dwellings complement those concerned with climate adaptation.

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能源效率措施如何影响夏季过热和寒冷不适的风险？来自英国家庭的证据

世界各国政府的政策都致力于提高住房的能源效率。在温带气候下，人们担心能源效率措施会增加夏季过热的风险。系统性证据审查筛选了 311 份报告能源效率措施对过热影响的文件。作为 2018 年炎热夏季能源跟踪调查的一部分，对 750 个英国客厅和卧室的温度进行了重新分析。计算了温度超过与过热和寒冷不适相关的阈值的频率和强度。重新分析显示，能源效率措施达到了预期效果：它们使房间显着变暖，减少了寒冷不适的发生。然而，所检查的能源效率措施以及住宅的整体效率都没有显着影响过热的频率。事实上，阁楼和墙壁隔热可以降低房屋过热的风险。建筑形式，无论是房屋还是公寓，对过热的频率都有重大影响。对于隔热程度极高的住宅的过热风险，还需要开展更多工作。结论是，旨在提高住宅能源效率的政策是对气候适应政策的补充。