Mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics can identify and quantify the differential abundance of expressed proteins in parallel, and bottom-up proteomic approaches are even approaching comprehensive coverage of the complex eukaryotic proteome. Protein–nanoparticle (NP) interactions have been extensively studied owing to their importance in biological applications and nanotoxicology. However, the proteome-level effects of NPs on cells have received little attention, although changes in protein abundance can reflect the direct effects of nanocarriers on protein expression. Herein, we investigated the effect of PLGA-based NPs on protein expression in HepG2 cells using a label-free quantitative proteomics approach with data independent acquisition (DIA). The percentage of two-fold change in the protein expression of cells treated with PLGA-based NPs was less than 10.15% during a 6 hour observation period. Among the changed proteins, we found that dynamic proteins involved in cell division, localization, and transport are more likely to be more susceptible to PLGA-based NPs.

中文翻译：

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通过定量蛋白质组学追踪基于 PLGA 的纳米粒子对活细胞中蛋白质表达的影响

基于质谱（MS）的蛋白质组学可以并行识别和量化表达蛋白质的差异丰度，自下而上的蛋白质组学方法甚至接近全面覆盖复杂的真核蛋白质组。蛋白质-纳米粒子（NP）相互作用由于其在生物应用和纳米毒理学中的重要性而被广泛研究。然而，尽管蛋白质丰度的变化可以反映纳米载体对蛋白质表达的直接影响，但纳米粒子对细胞的蛋白质组水平影响却很少受到关注。在此，我们使用无标记定量蛋白质组学方法和数据独立采集（DIA）研究了基于 PLGA 的 NP 对 HepG2 细胞中蛋白质表达的影响。在 6 小时的观察期内，用基于 PLGA 的 NP 处理的细胞的蛋白质表达两倍变化的百分比小于 10.15%。在变化的蛋白质中，我们发现参与细胞分裂、定位和运输的动态蛋白质更有可能对基于 PLGA 的 NP 更敏感。