Hand hygiene is a standard public health practice for limiting the spread of infectious diseases, yet they are still not routine global health behaviours. This review aimed to examine the effectiveness of various hand hygiene interventions conducted across the League of Arab States, identify gaps in the existing literature, and propose areas for future research and intervention development. A scoping review was conducted across 16 databases for relevant publications published up to and including October 2023. Forty studies met the inclusion criteria; of these, 34 were hospital-based and six community-based. Of the reviewed studies, 24 provided adequate details that would enable replication of their intervention. Eighteen of the studies used some variation of the World Health Organization's Five Moments for intervention content or assessment. More than half ( = 25) reported healthcare worker or student hand hygiene behaviours as an outcome and 15 studies also included some form of patient-centred outcomes. Six studies specified the use of theory or framework for their evaluation design or intervention content, and four studies mentioned use of local government guidelines or recommendations. Future research should focus on bridging the literature gaps by emphasizing community-based studies and integrating cultural nuances into intervention designs. Additionally, applying theoretical frameworks to hand hygiene studies could enhance understanding and effectiveness, ensuring sustainable improvements in hygiene practices across diverse settings in the League of Arab States.

中文翻译：

---

阿拉伯国家联盟手部卫生运动和干预措施的有效性：区域范围审查

手部卫生是限制传染病传播的标准公共卫生实践，但它们仍然不是常规的全球健康行为。本次审查旨在审查阿拉伯国家联盟开展的各种手部卫生干预措施的有效性，找出现有文献中的差距，并提出未来研究和干预措施发展的领域。对截至 2023 年 10 月（含）之前发表的相关出版物的 16 个数据库进行了范围界定审查。40 项研究符合纳入标准；其中，34 个以医院为基础，6 个以社区为基础。在审查的研究中，24 项提供了足够的细节，可以复制他们的干预措施。其中十八项研究使用了世界卫生组织五个时刻的一些变体来进行干预内容或评估。超过一半 (= 25) 报告了医护人员或学生的手部卫生行为作为结果，15 项研究还包括某种形式的以患者为中心的结果。六项研究具体说明了其评估设计或干预内容的理论或框架的使用，四项研究提到了地方政府指南或建议的使用。未来的研究应侧重于通过强调基于社区的研究并将文化差异纳入干预设计来弥合文献差距。此外，将理论框架应用于手卫生研究可以增强理解和有效性，确保阿拉伯国家联盟不同环境下卫生习惯的可持续改进。