Metal oxides are proficient electrode materials for supercapacitors because of their physiochemical properties, especially their wide range of oxidation states that facilitate charge transfer in redox reactions and compatibility with electrolytes. Their performances can be further improved by adding surfactants, which also help with controlled synthesis, inhibit aggregation, and alter surface characteristics. The functional groups present in the surfactant molecule can undergo chemical bonding with the surface of the metal oxide, thereby modifying their surface chemistry and electronic characteristics. Recent research has focused on increasing the specific capacitance of cobalt oxide owing to its large surface area and size. The surfactants help to control the surface modification as a size-reducing agent and improve the electrochemical properties. Herein, A facile co-precipitation method is employed in synthesising cobalt oxide without cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and with different concentrations of CTAB, followed by calcination. Herein, we compare the electrochemical properties with varying concentrations of surfactant-assisted CoO. The modified CoO electrode with a low surfactant concentration (CO 1) exhibits a highly specific capacitance of 531F/g at 5 mV/s with a potential window of 0.7 V. The CO 1 electrode is suitable for supercapacitor devices with a specific capacitance of 296F/g at 0.8 A/g. Moreover, the asymmetric supercapacitor composed of CO1//AC demonstrated a remarkable energy density of 46.2 Wh/Kg and a robust power density of 800 W/kg. These results indicate that the hierarchical porous structure accelerates electron and ion movement, lowers charge transfer resistance, and improves hybrid electrode capacitive properties.

中文翻译：

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低浓度阳离子表面活性剂修饰氧化钴纳米颗粒电极增强电化学性能

金属氧化物因其物理化学特性而成为超级电容器的常用电极材料，特别是其广泛的氧化态，有利于氧化还原反应中的电荷转移以及与电解质的相容性。通过添加表面活性剂可以进一步改善它们的性能，这也有助于控制合成、抑制聚集和改变表面特性。表面活性剂分子中存在的官能团可以与金属氧化物表面发生化学键合，从而改变其表面化学和电子特性。最近的研究重点是提高氧化钴的比电容，因为它具有较大的表面积和尺寸。表面活性剂作为尺寸减小剂有助于控制表面改性并改善电化学性能。本文采用简便的共沉淀法，在不使用阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）的情况下，使用不同浓度的CTAB合成氧化钴，然后进行煅烧。在此，我们比较了不同浓度的表面活性剂辅助 CoO 的电化学性能。低表面活性剂浓度（CO 1 ）的修饰 CoO 电极在 5 mV/s 下表现出 531F/g 的高比电容，电位窗口为 0.7 V。CO 1 电极适用于比电容为 296F 的超级电容器器件/g，0.8 A/g。此外，由CO1//AC组成的非对称超级电容器表现出46.2 Wh/Kg的卓越能量密度和800 W/kg的强大功率密度。这些结果表明，分层多孔结构加速了电子和离子的运动，降低了电荷转移电阻，并提高了混合电极的电容性能。