Psychomotor retardation is a core clinical component of Major Depressive Disorder responsible for disability and is known as a treatment response marker of biological treatments for depression. Our objective was to describe cognitive and motoric measures changes during a treatment by repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) within the THETAD-DEP trial for treatment-resistant depression (TRD), and compare those performances at the end of treatment and one month after between responders (>50% improvement on MADRS score), partial responders (25–50%) and non-reponders (no clinically relevant improvement). Our secondary aim was to investigate baseline psychomotor performances associated with non-response and response even partial. Fifty-four patients with treatment-resistant unipolar depression and treated by either high frequency 10 Hz rTMS or iTBS for 4 weeks (20 sessions) underwent assessment including French Retardation Rating Scale for Depression (ERD), Verbal Fluency test, and Trail Making Test A. before, just after treatment and one month later. 20 patients were responders (R, 21 partial responders (PR) and 13 non-responders (NR). rTMS treatment improved psychomotor performances in the R and PR groups unlike NR patients whose psychomotor performance was not enhanced by treatment. At baseline, participants, later identified as partial responders, showed significantly higher performances than non-responders. Higher cognitivo-motor performances at baseline may be associated with clinical improvement after rTMS treatment. This work highlights the value of objective psychomotor testing for the identification of rTMS responders and partial responders, and thus may be useful for patient selection and protocol individualization such as treatment continuation for early partial responders.

中文翻译：

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精神运动迟缓：治疗抵抗性抑郁症中对经颅磁刺激的部分反应者怎么样？

精神运动迟缓是导致残疾的重度抑郁症的核心临床组成部分，被称为抑郁症生物治疗的治疗反应标志。我们的目标是描述 THETAD-DEP 难治性抑郁症 (TRD) 试验中重复经颅磁刺激 (rTMS) 治疗期间认知和运动测量的变化，并比较治疗结束时和治疗后一个月的表现有反应者（MADRS 评分改善 > 50%）、部分反应者（25-50%）和无反应者（无临床相关改善）。我们的次要目标是调查与无反应和部分反应相关的基线精神运动表现。 54 名难治性单相抑郁症患者接受高频 10 Hz rTMS 或 iTBS 治疗 4 周（20 个疗程），接受了评估，包括法国抑郁评定量表 (ERD)、言语流利度测试和跟踪测试 A之前、治疗后和一个月后。 20 名患者为缓解者（R、21 名部分缓解者 (PR) 和 13 名无缓解者 (NR)）。rTMS 治疗改善了 R 组和 PR 组的精神运动表现，这与 NR 患者的精神运动表现不同，NR 患者的精神运动表现并未因治疗而增强。在基线时，参与者后来被确定为部分反应者，基线时较高的认知运动表现可能与 rTMS 治疗后的临床改善有关。这项工作强调了客观精神运动测试对于识别 rTMS 反应者和部分反应者的价值。 ，因此可能有助于患者选择和方案个体化，例如早期部分反应者的治疗继续。