Abstract. Hydrologic and geomorphic processes are intricately linked within the Earth system, jointly characterizing terrestrial hydrological behaviors and biogeochemical cycles across diverse temporal and spatial scales. The Tibetan Plateau provides an ideal setting for investigating the interactions between hydrological and geomorphic processes in a largely pristine natural environment. Nonetheless, the interactions remain largely unknown due to challenging physical conditions and data limitations. This study presents the inaugural version of a hydrogeomorphic dataset encompassing 18 440 catchments across the region. The dataset comprises 18 hydrogeomorphic metrics along with, in particular, the width-function-based instantaneous unit hydrograph (WFIUH) of each catchment. We find that the peak flow of WFIUH is positively related to slope and curvature but negatively related to catchment area, perimeter, length and circularity. The relationships of time to peak with the hydrogeomorphic metrics are similar to those of peak flow but in an oppositive direction. Catchment concentration time shows a positive relationship with catchment size but a strong negative correlation with catchment slope. The validity of the derived WFIUH has been confirmed by its successful integration into an hourly hydrological model for simulating flash-flood events. Uncertainties in the WFIUH can be attributed to the resolution of the digital elevation model (DEM) and the methods employed for calculating flow velocity. The dataset is publicly available via the Zenodo portal: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8280786 (Guo and Zheng, 2023). It can contribute to advancing our understanding of catchment hydrological behaviors and can provide simple and fast-routing unit hydrograph calculation for ungauged catchments in the Tibetan Plateau and hence improve water resources management and disaster mitigation in the region and its downstream areas.

中文翻译：

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用于表征青藏高原流域水文行为的水文地貌数据集

摘要。水文和地貌过程在地球系统内错综复杂地联系在一起，共同表征了不同时间和空间尺度上的陆地水文行为和生物地球化学循环。青藏高原为在基本原始的自然环境中研究水文和地貌过程之间的相互作用提供了理想的环境。尽管如此，由于具有挑战性的物理条件和数据限制，这些相互作用在很大程度上仍然未知。这项研究提出了涵盖该地区 18 440 个流域的水文地貌数据集的首个版本。该数据集包含 18 个水文地貌指标，特别是每个流域基于宽度函数的瞬时单位水位线 (WFIUH)。我们发现WFIH的峰值流量与坡度和曲率正相关，但与流域面积、周长、长度和圆度负相关。峰值时间与水文地貌指标的关系与峰值流量的关系相似，但方向相反。流域集中时间与流域大小呈正相关，但与流域坡度呈强烈负相关。导出的 WFIUH 的有效性已通过其成功集成到模拟山洪事件的每小时水文模型中得到证实。 WFIH 的不确定性可归因于数字高程模型 (DEM) 的分辨率和用于计算流速的方法。该数据集可通过 Zenodo 门户公开获取：https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8280786（Guo 和 Cheng，2023）。它有助于增进我们对流域水文行为的认识，并为青藏高原非计量流域提供简单、快速的路由单位过程线计算，从而改善该地区及其下游地区的水资源管理和减灾。