PurposeThe purpose of this prospective cohort study was to investigate the influence of types of motivation, basic psychological needs satisfaction and of a coach‐created motivational climate on continued participation in youth sports across types of sport, competitive levels, ages, and gender.MethodsParticipants were 7110 adolescent (age 12–20 years) members of leisure time club organized in basketball, handball, football, badminton, and gymnastics in Denmark. Motivational regulation was measured with BRSQ‐6, basic psychological needs satisfaction and frustration were measured with PNSS‐S, and coach‐created climate was measured with the EDMCQ‐C. The participants' continuation or dropout was measured at the beginning of the following season with a short electronic questionnaire.ResultsIntrinsic motivation, identified behavior regulation, experiences of competence, relatedness, and autonomy, as well as a coach‐created empowering motivational climate, were associated with continuation both in the sport and in the club the following season across different sports, genders, age groups, and competitive levels. Introjected and external behavior regulation, frustrations with the need to experience competence, relatedness, and autonomy, as well as a disempowering coach‐created climate, were associated with dropout.ConclusionIn Danish youth sports, autonomous motivation, satisfaction of basic psychological needs, and an empowering coach‐created motivational climate have a positive impact on the continuation of the sport and the club the following season. In contrast, controlled types of motivation, needs frustration, and a disempowering coach‐created climate are associated with dropout. This is the case at both elite and recreational levels, for boys and girls, adolescents, and youth.

中文翻译：

---

预测青少年继续参加俱乐部运动：一项关于丹麦五项运动中个人和背景动机因素重要性的前瞻性队列研究

目的这项前瞻性队列研究的目的是调查动机类型、基本心理需求满足以及教练创造的动机氛围对不同运动类型、竞技水平、年龄和性别持续参与青少年体育运动的影响。丹麦篮球、手球、足球、羽毛球和体操休闲俱乐部的 7110 名青少年（12-20 岁）成员。使用 BRSQ-6 测量动机调节，使用 PNSS-S 测量基本心理需求满意度和挫败感，使用 EDMCQ-C 测量教练创造的氛围。在下一赛季开始时，通过一份简短的电子问卷来测量参与者的继续或退出情况。结果内在动机、确定的行为调节、能力体验、关联性和自主性，以及教练创造的授权激励氛围，都与这些相关。并在下个赛季继续在体育运动和俱乐部中进行，涵盖不同的运动项目、性别、年龄组和竞技水平。内向和外在的行为调节，对体验能力、关联性和自主性的需求所带来的挫败感，以及教练创造的剥夺权力的氛围，都与辍学有关。结论在丹麦青少年体育运动中，自主动机、基本心理需求的满足和教练创造的激励氛围对这项运动和俱乐部在下个赛季的继续下去有积极的影响。相比之下，受控的动机类型、需要的挫折感以及教练创造的剥夺权力的氛围都与辍学有关。对于男孩和女孩、青少年和青年来说，精英和娱乐级别的情况都是如此。