Applying PCM to the photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) system can adjust the operating temperature of the photovoltaic cell and further enhance system efficiency. Hence, in the present study, a novel PV/T-PCM collector by connecting the PCM with the heat-absorbing plate in parallel is first proposed. Then, the dynamic model of the PV/T-PCM system is established and verified. Finally, the sensitivity analysis is performed on key parameters, including the water mass flow rate, water tank volume, PCM thickness, and phase transition temperature. The results show that raising the water mass flow rate improves electrical gain, total heat gain, and total system efficiency; however, their change gradient is all inconspicuous as the water mass flow rate is greater than 0.02 L/s. As the water tank volume expands from 75 L to 105 L, electrical gain, total heat gain, and total system efficiency are improved. Thickening the PCM can promote the electrical gain, while the total system efficiency and total heat gain will increase slightly at first and then decrease. The best thickness is 0.015 m. When the phase transition temperature increases from 40 ℃ to 50 ℃, the total system efficiency and total heat gain decline, but the electrical gain decreases insignificantly. The changes of the above four parameters all affect the complete melting ratio of PCM as well as the phase transition start time on the entrance side and exit side of the collector.

中文翻译：

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相变材料集成光伏/热系统的运行和结构参数分析

将PCM应用于光伏/光热（PV/T）系统可以调节光伏电池的工作温度，进一步提升系统效率。因此，在本研究中，首次提出了一种将PCM与吸热板并联的新型PV/T-PCM集热器。然后，建立并验证了PV/T-PCM系统的动力学模型。最后对水质量流量、水箱容积、PCM厚度、相变温度等关键参数进行敏感性分析。结果表明，提高水质量流量可提高电增益、总热增益和总系统效率；但当水质量流量大于0.02 L/s时，它们的变化梯度均不明显。随着水箱容积从 75 L 扩大到 105 L，电增益、总热增益和总系统效率均得到改善。加厚PCM可以提高电增益，而系统总效率和总热增益会先略有上升，然后下降。最佳厚度为0.015m。当相变温度从40℃升高到50℃时，系统总效率和总得热下降，但电增益下降不明显。上述四个参数的变化都会影响PCM的完全熔化率以及收集器入口侧和出口侧的相变开始时间。