Worldwide, there's a push for carbon reduction through energy conservation. Yet, the potential of employing thermoelectric technology to recover waste heat from moving vehicles remains largely unexplored. This study employs precise simulations to analyze temperature distribution in car tires, unveiling possibilities for energy recovery. At 20 ℃ and 120 km/h, tire temperature peaks at 91.2 ℃ due to friction and rubber deformation. A micro thermoelectric generator (micro-TEG) on the wheel hub, serving as a heat sink, reveals a 3.9 ℃ effective temperature difference. A roadmap, considering factors like ambient temperature, speed, and TE leg size, guides exploration of micro-TEG's maximum power. This leads to a designed module with 8 micro-TEG units (weight: 5.3 g, area: 16 × 4 mm, fill factor: 20 %, TE leg: 0.4 × 0.4 × 1.2 mm) in series. Exposed to a 20 ℃ temperature difference, it shows open circuit voltage and maximum power of 1.47 V/1.41 V and 12.06 mW/11.58 mW in flat and curved states. Rigorous testing confirms stability. The 8.96 g module integrates with energy management and Bluetooth circuits. During simulated driving, mobile software records signals with over 94 % consistency. This advances dynamic waste heat recovery, enabling passive tire sensing and innovative links to the Internet of Things (IoT), contributing to field progress.

中文翻译：

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运动场景中的热电能量提取：汽车轮胎中的自供电温度和压力检测器

全球范围内都在推动通过节能来减少碳排放。然而，利用热电技术回收移动车辆废热的潜力在很大程度上仍未得到开发。这项研究采用精确模拟来分析汽车轮胎的温度分布，揭示能量回收的可能性。在20℃和120公里/小时时，由于摩擦和橡胶变形，轮胎温度峰值达到91.2℃。轮毂上的微型热电发电机（micro-TEG）作为散热器，有效温差达3.9℃。路线图考虑了环境温度、速度和 TE 支腿尺寸等因素，可指导探索微型 TEG 的最大功率。由此设计出具有 8 个串联微型 TEG 单元（重量：5.3 g，面积：16 × 4 mm，填充系数：20%，TE 腿：0.4 × 0.4 × 1.2 mm）的模块。在20℃温差下，平坦和弯曲状态下的开路电压和最大功率分别为1.47V/1.41V和12.06mW/11.58mW。严格的测试证实了稳定性。 8.96克模块集成了能源管理和蓝牙电路。在模拟驾驶过程中，移动软件记录的信号一致性超过94%。这推进了动态废热回收，实现了被动轮胎传感和与物联网 (IoT) 的创新链接，从而促进了现场进展。