A comprehensive phytochemical investigation of aerial parts obtained from Centaurea sicula L. led to the isolation of 14 terpenoids (1–14) and nine polyphenols (15–23). The sesquiterpenoid group (1–11) included three structural families, namely, elemanolides (1–6), eudesmanolides (7 and 8), and germacranolides (9–11) with four unreported secondary metabolites (5–8), whose structure has been determined by extensive spectroscopic analysis, including 1D/2D NMR, HR-MS, and chemical conversion. Moreover, an unprecedented alkaloid, named siculamide (24), was structurally characterized, and a possible biogenetic origin was postulated. Inspired by the traditional use of the plant and in the frame of ongoing research on compounds with potential activity on metabolic syndrome, all the isolated compounds were evaluated for their stimulation of glucose uptake, disclosing remarkable activity for dihydrocnicin (10) and the lignan salicifoliol (15).

中文翻译：

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矢车菊地上部分的葡萄糖摄取刺激代谢物

对从Centaurea sicula L.获得的地上部分进行全面的植物化学研究，分离出 14 种萜类化合物 ( 1 – 14 ) 和 9 种多酚 ( 15 – 23 )。倍半萜类化合物 ( 1 – 11 ) 包括三个结构家族，即榄香烯内酯 ( 1 – 6 )、 eudesmanolides ( 7和8 ) 和 Germacranolides ( 9 – 11 ) 以及四种未报道的次级代谢产物 ( 5 – 8 )，其结构为通过广泛的光谱分析（包括 1D/2D NMR、HR-MS 和化学转化）测定。此外，还对一种前所未有的生物碱，名为西库酰胺 (siculamide) ( 24 ) 进行了结构表征，并推测了可能的生物起源。受该植物传统用途的启发，以及在对代谢综合征具有潜在活性的化合物进行持续研究的框架下，对所有分离的化合物对葡萄糖摄取的刺激进行了评估，揭示了二氢洋蓟素 ( 10 ) 和木酚素水杨叶醇 (10) 的显着活性。15）。