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IZCp and PZCp: Redox Non-innocent Cyclopentadienyl Ligands as Electron Reservoirs for Sandwich Complexes
Inorganic Chemistry ( IF 4.3 ) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00259
Hyeonjeong Choi 1 , Seunghyuk Yoo 1 , Hayoung Song 1 , Eunsung Lee 1
Affiliation  

A long-sustained effort of systematic steric and electronic modification of cyclopentadienyl (Cp) ligands has enabled them to find wide-ranging, valuable applications. Herein, we present two novel Cp ligands: imidazolium- and pyrrolinium-substituted zwitterionic Cps (IZCp and PZCp), whose key utility is redox non-innocence─the ability to participate cooperatively with the metal center in redox reactions. Through the simple metalation of ZCps, the Cr(0) and Mo(0) half-sandwich complexes (IZCp)Cr(CO)3, (PZCp)Cr(CO)3, (IZCp)Mo(CO)3, and (PZCp)Mo(CO)3, respectively, as well as the Ru(II) sandwich complexes [(IZCp)RuCp]PF6 and [(PZCp)RuCp]PF6 were prepared. The sandwich complexes were fully characterized and showed by cyclic voltammetry reversible one-electron reduction at E1/2 potentials ranging from −1.7 to −2.7 V vs Fc/Fc+. These values are unusually low and have not been observed with other Cp ligands due to the instability of the reduced complexes. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations for the reduced sandwich derivatives with IZCp and PZCp showed their spin densities to be highly delocalized over their ZCp ligand moieties (70–90%). Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis of the isolated K[(PZCp)Mo(CO)3] and (PZCp)RuCp also indicated a high degree of ligand-localized radical character. Thus, the IZCp and PZCp ligands act as electron reservoirs to sustain these sandwich complexes in highly reduced states. At the same time, the CO stretching frequencies of K[(PZCp)Mo(CO)3]: νCO 1871, 1748, and 1699 cm–1, rank the [PZCp] ligand as the strongest electron-donating Cp ligand among the reported CpMo(CO)3 derivatives, whose νCO > 1746 cm–1. In addition, these redox non-innocent Cps were obtained in high yields and found to be practically air- and moisture-stable, unlike typical Cps.

中文翻译:


IZCp 和 PZCp:氧化还原非无害环戊二烯基配体作为夹层配合物的电子库



环戊二烯基 (Cp) 配体的系统空间和电子修饰的长期持续努力使它们能够找到广泛且有价值的应用。在此,我们提出了两种新型Cp配体:咪唑鎓和吡咯啉鎓取代的两性离子Cp(IZCp和PZCp),其关键用途是氧化还原非纯性——与金属中心协同参与氧化还原反应的能力。通过ZCps的简单金属化,得到Cr(0)和Mo(0)半夹心配合物(IZCp)Cr(CO) 3 、(PZCp)Cr(CO) 3 、(IZCp)Mo(CO) 3和(分别制备了PZCp)Mo(CO) 3以及Ru(II)夹心配合物[(IZCp)RuCp]PF 6和[(PZCp)RuCp]PF 6 。夹心配合物得到了充分表征,并通过循环伏安法显示了E 1/2电势范围为 -1.7 至 -2.7 V vs Fc/Fc +的可逆单电子还原。这些值异常低,并且由于还原复合物的不稳定性,尚未在其他 Cp 配体中观察到。 IZCp 和 PZCp 的还原夹心衍生物的密度泛函理论 (DFT) 计算表明,它们的自旋密度在 ZCp 配体部分上高度离域 (70–90%)。分离的K[(PZCp)Mo(CO) 3 ]和(PZCp)RuCp的电子顺磁共振(EPR)分析也表明了高度配体定位的自由基特征。因此,IZCp 和 PZCp 配体充当电子库,以维持这些夹心配合物处于高度还原状态。 同时,K[(PZCp)Mo(CO) 3 ]的CO伸缩频率:ν CO 1871、1748和1699 cm –1 ,将[PZCp] -配体列为最强的给电子Cp配体报道的CpMo(CO) 3衍生物,其ν CO > 1746 cm –1 。此外,与典型的 Cps 不同,这些氧化还原非无害 Cps 的产率很高,并且实际上具有空气和湿度稳定性。
更新日期:2024-03-27
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