Although the general location of functional neural networks is similar across individuals, there is vast person-to-person topographic variability. To capture this, we implemented precision brain mapping functional magnetic resonance imaging methods to establish an open-source, method-flexible set of precision functional network atlases—the Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain (MIDB) Precision Brain Atlas. This atlas is an evolving resource comprising 53,273 individual-specific network maps, from more than 9,900 individuals, across ages and cohorts, including the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study, the Developmental Human Connectome Project and others. We also generated probabilistic network maps across multiple ages and integration zones (using a new overlapping mapping technique, Overlapping MultiNetwork Imaging). Using regions of high network invariance improved the reproducibility of executive function statistical maps in brain-wide associations compared to group average-based parcellations. Finally, we provide a potential use case for probabilistic maps for targeted neuromodulation. The atlas is expandable to alternative datasets with an online interface encouraging the scientific community to explore and contribute to understanding the human brain function more precisely.

尽管功能神经网络的总体位置在个体之间是相似的，但人与人之间存在巨大的地形变异性。为了捕捉这一点，我们实施了精密脑图谱功能磁共振成像方法，以建立一套开源的、方法灵活的精密功能网络图集——共济会大脑发育研究所（MIDB）精密脑图谱。该地图集是一个不断发展的资源，包含 53,273 个个人特定的网络地图，来自 9,900 多名不同年龄和群体的个人，包括青少年大脑认知发展研究、发展性人类连接组项目等。我们还生成了跨多个时代和整合区域的概率网络地图（使用新的重叠映射技术，重叠多网络成像）。与基于组平均的分区相比，使用高网络不变性的区域提高了全脑关联中执行功能统计图的再现性。最后，我们为目标神经调节的概率图提供了一个潜在的用例。该图集可通过在线界面扩展到替代数据集，鼓励科学界探索并为更准确地理解人类大脑功能做出贡献。