Abstract. The availability of coherent time series of crop statistics is essential for better analyzing the past, understanding the present, and predicting future trends in yield, area, and production. Importantly, such data also underpin assessments and subsequent policy actions that can shape future food systems that are more resilient in the face of climate change and that are sustainable in terms of resource use efficiency. In the European Union (EU), there currently is no legal obligation for EU countries to provide subnational crop statistics. However, such data could improve in-season crop forecasts, climate change impacts and adaption need assessments, and evaluation of agri-environmental schemes. The dataset described in this paper includes a harmonized collection of subnational crop statistics on area, production, and yield, collected for the EU from National Statistical Institutes (NSIs) and the EUROSTAT REGIO database – subnational crop statistics voluntarily contributed by EU countries. The crops considered are wheat (including soft and durum wheat), barley (including winter and spring barley), grain maize, sunflower, and sugar beet. All data are harmonized towards the hierarchical structure of the EUROSTAT legend and the regional classification of NUTS (Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics) version 2016, to provide coherent time series. A total of 344 282 records is presented here (115 974 for wheat, 122 705 for barley, 35 274 for grain maize, 34 916 for sugar beet, and 35 413 for sunflower) for a total of 961 regions in 27 EU countries. Statistics are reported from 1975 to 2020, with a median time-span range of 21 years. A flagging system details, for each data record, information on data sources, processing steps, and quality-checking results. This includes consistency checks between reported values for area, yield and production, identification of null values, missing and calculated data, information on crop legend matching, and NUTS versioning. We illustrate the value of this dataset by analyzing impacts on crops and production zone shifts in Europe due to climatic and economic factors. Recommendations and future developments of collecting subnational statistics at the EU level are briefly discussed. The dataset is accessible with European Commission Authentication Service (ECAS) login at https://doi.org/10.2905/685949ff-56de-4646-a8df-844b5bb5f835 (Ronchetti et al., 2023b).

中文翻译：

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统一的欧盟地方作物统计数据可以揭示气候影响和作物种植变化

摘要。农作物统计数据的连贯时间序列对于更好地分析过去、了解现在以及预测产量、面积和产量的未来趋势至关重要。重要的是，这些数据还支持评估和后续政策行动，从而塑造未来的粮食系统，使其在面对气候变化时更具弹性，并且在资源利用效率方面具有可持续性。在欧盟 (EU)，欧盟国家目前没有提供地方作物统计数据的法律义务。然而，此类数据可以改善当季作物预测、气候变化影响和适应需求评估以及农业环境计划的评估。本文描述的数据集包括关于面积、产量和产量的地方作物统计数据的统一集合，这些统计数据是从国家统计机构 (NSI) 和 EUROSTAT REGIO 数据库为欧盟收集的 - 由欧盟国家自愿提供的地方作物统计数据。考虑的作物有小麦（包括软质小麦和硬粒小麦）、大麦（包括冬大麦和春大麦）、谷类玉米、向日葵和甜菜。所有数据均按照 EUROSTAT 图例的层次结构和 2016 版 NUTS（统计领土单位命名法）的区域分类进行协调，以提供连贯的时间序列。这里总共提供了 344 282 条记录（小麦 115 974 条，大麦 122 705 条，玉米 35 274 条，甜菜 34 916 条，向日葵 35 413 条），涉及 27 个欧盟国家的 961 个地区。统计数据为 1975 年至 2020 年，中位时间跨度为 21 年。标记系统详细说明每个数据记录的数据源信息、处理步骤和质量检查结果。这包括面积、产量和产量报告值之间的一致性检查、空值识别、缺失数据和计算数据、作物图例匹配信息以及 NUTS 版本控制。我们通过分析气候和经济因素对欧洲农作物和生产区转移的影响来说明该数据集的价值。简要讨论了在欧盟层面收集地方统计数据的建议和未来发展。该数据集可通过欧盟委员会认证服务 (ECAS) 登录 https://doi.org/10.2905/685949ff-56de-4646-a8df-844b5bb5f835 访问（Ronchetti 等人，2023b）。