INTRODUCTIONFatty acids (FAs) are the building blocks of complex lipids and signaling compounds; the role of the lipidome fatty acid profile (LFA) in AD progression remains unclear.METHODSThe LFA of plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 289 participants (103 AD patients, 92 MCI patients, and 94 controls) was determined by GC‐FID. The MCI subjects were followed up for 58 ± 12.5 months.RESULTSIn controls, CSF has a more neuroprotective LFA than plasma. In CSF, a higher content of docosahexaenoic acid was associated with a reduced risk of MCI‐to‐AD progression. In plasma, higher oleic acid content was associated with lower risk of AD, MCI, and MCI‐to‐AD progression, whereas higher levels of vaccenic acid and docosahexaenoic acid were associated with greater risk of AD and MCI, and higher rate of MCI‐to‐AD progression, respectively.DISCUSSIONThe circulating LFA is involved in the pathogenesis and progression of AD.Highlights The lipidome fatty acid profile in CSF and plasma was markedly different. Higher levels of vaccenic acid and lower levels of oleic acid in plasma were associated with greater risk of Alzheimer's disease. In plasma, higher levels of oleic acid were associated with a reduced risk of MCI‐to‐AD progression. Higher levels of docosahexaenoic acid in CSF were associated with a lower risk of MCI‐to‐AD progression. Higher levels of docosahexaenoic acid in plasma were associated with a greater rate of MCI‐to‐AD progression.

中文翻译：

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阿尔茨海默氏病循环脂质组脂肪酸组成的变化

简介 脂肪酸 (FA) 是复杂脂质和信号化合物的组成部分；脂质组脂肪酸谱 (LFA) 在 AD 进展中的作用仍不清楚。 方法通过 GC-FID 测定 289 名参与者（103 名 AD 患者、92 名 MCI 患者和 94 名对照）的血浆和脑脊液 (CSF) 样本的 LFA 。 MCI 受试者的随访时间为 58 ± 12.5 个月。 结果在对照组中，脑脊液的 LFA 比血浆具有更强的神经保护作用。在脑脊液中，二十二碳六烯酸含量较高与 MCI 进展为 AD 的风险降低相关。在血浆中，较高的油酸含量与较低的 AD、MCI 和 MCI-AD 进展风险相关，而较高水平的异油酸和二十二碳六烯酸与较高的 AD 和 MCI 风险以及较高的 MCI-发生率相关。分别至 AD 进展。讨论循环 LFA 参与 AD 的发病机制和进展。亮点 脑脊液和血浆中的脂质组脂肪酸谱明显不同。 血浆中较高水平的痘油酸和较低水平的油酸与阿尔茨海默病的较高风险相关。 在血浆中，较高水平的油酸与 MCI 至 AD 进展风险降低相关。 脑脊液中较高水平的二十二碳六烯酸与较低的 MCI 至 AD 进展风险相关。 血浆中二十二碳六烯酸水平越高，MCI 至 AD 进展率越高。