ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to assess whether inhibitory task performance in adolescence could be prospectively related to weight gain in young adulthood. We proposed that this association would differ according to the BMI group in adolescence.MethodsA total of 318 adolescents performed the anti‐saccade task, and 530 completed the Stroop test. Accuracy and reaction time were assessed for each incentive type (neutral, loss, and reward) in the anti‐saccade task and for each trial type (control and incongruent trials) in the Stroop test. Changes in the BMI z score (∆BMI z score) from adolescence to young adulthood were calculated.ResultsThe relationship between the BMI z score and the anti‐saccade task accuracy showed an effect on the ∆BMI z score (β = −0.002, p < 0.05). The neutral and loss accuracies were related to ∆BMI z score in the groups with overweight (all β = −0.004, p = 0.05) and obesity (β = −0.006 and β = −0.005, p < 0.01). The interaction between adolescents' BMI z score with control (β = −0.312, p < 0.001) and incongruent (β = −0.384, p < 0.001) trial reaction times showed an effect on the ∆BMI z score. Control (β = 0.730, p = 0.036) and incongruent (β = 0.535, p = 0.033) trial reaction times were related to ∆BMI z score in the group with overweight.ConclusionsOur findings support the hypothesis that cognitive vulnerability could predict the BMI gain from adolescence to young adulthood.

中文翻译：

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预测从青春期到成年早期BMI变化的神经认知因素

目的本研究的目的是评估青春期的抑制性任务表现是否可能与成年早期的体重增加存在前瞻性相关。我们提出，这种关联会根据青春期 BMI 组的不同而有所不同。 方法 共有 318 名青少年执行了抗眼跳任务，其中 530 名完成了 Stroop 测试。评估反眼跳任务中每种激励类型（中性、损失和奖励）以及 Stroop 测试中每种试验类型（对照和不一致试验）的准确性和反应时间。体重指数的变化z分数（ΔBMIz计算从青春期到青年期的分数）。结果BMI与BMI之间的关系z分数和抗眼跳任务准确性显示出对 ΔBMI 的影响z得分（β = -0.002，p< 0.05）。中性和损失准确度与 ΔBMI 相关z超重组的得分（所有 β = -0.004，p= 0.05）和肥胖（β = -0.006 和 β = -0.005，p< 0.01）。青少年BMI之间的交互作用z对照得分（β = −0.312，p< 0.001) 且不一致 (β = −0.384,p< 0.001) 试验反应时间显示对 ΔBMI 的影响z分数。对照（β = 0.730，p= 0.036) 且不一致 (β = 0.535,p= 0.033) 试验反应时间与 ΔBMI 相关z结论我们的研究结果支持认知脆弱性可以预测从青春期到成年早期体重指数增加的假设。