Nickel–rich layered oxides of LiNi1–x–yCoxMn(Al)yO2 (where 1–x–y>0.6) are considered promising cathode active materials for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) due to their high reversible capacity and energy density. However, the widespread application of NCM(A) is limited by microstructural degradation caused by the anisotropic shrinkage and expansion of primary particles during the H2→H3 phase transition. In this mini–review, we comprehensively discuss the formation of microcracks, subsequent material degradation, and related alleviation strategies in nickel–rich layered NCM(A). Firstly, theories on microcracks′ formation and evolution mechanisms are presented and critically analyzed. Secondly, recent advancements in mitigation strategies to prevent degradation in Ni–rich NCM/NCA are highlighted. These strategies include doping, surface coating, structural optimization, and morphology engineering. Finally, we provide an outlook and perspective to identify promising strategies that may enable the practical application of Ni–rich NCM/NCA in commercial settings.

中文翻译：

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解决锂离子电池富镍层状氧化物阴极微裂纹形成问题的进展

LiNi的富镍层状氧化物1–x–y钴X锰(铝)y氧2（其中 1–x–y>0.6）由于其高可逆容量和能量密度而被认为是有前途的锂离子电池（LIB）阴极活性材料。然而，NCM(A)的广泛应用受到H2→H3相变过程中初级颗粒各向异性收缩和膨胀引起的微观结构退化的限制。在这篇小型综述中，我们全面讨论了富镍层状 NCM(A) 中微裂纹的形成、随后的材料降解以及相关的缓解策略。首先，提出并批判性分析了微裂纹形成和演化机制的理论。其次，强调了防止富镍 NCM/NCA 降解的缓解策略的最新进展。这些策略包括掺杂、表面涂层、结构优化和形态工程。最后，我们提供了一个展望和视角，以确定有前景的策略，使富镍 NCM/NCA 在商业环境中得到实际应用。