Luminescent materials play a key role in the field of optical anti-counterfeiting. However, the development of multimode, multi-color dynamic phosphors, making optical anti-counterfeiting more advanced and practical, remains a great challenge. Herein, multimode luminescence (PL, PersL, TL, PSL, and PSPL), dynamic multi-color emission phosphors based on a single CaSb₂O₆ (CSO) host doped with manganese ions were developed and studied in detail for the first time. The partial self-reduction of Mn in the CSO crystal was observed. The self-reduction behavior of Mn could be effectively suppressed by co-doping with La³⁺ ions through unequal substitution of the Ca²⁺ ions. Furthermore, it was found that the multimode and dynamic luminescence properties of the CSO:Mn phosphors could be further modulated by adjusting the La³⁺ doping concentration, which could be used as a new type of anti-counterfeiting materials. Here, a novel four-mode multicolor and dynamic anti-counterfeiting “rose bouquet” pattern was designed, where a portable UV lamp only having two emitting wavelengths (254 and 365 nm) was required to achieve a full anti-counterfeiting effect. This design is low-cost, easy to realize and advanced in terms of functionality, which has great potential for practical applications in the field of optical anti-counterfeiting. In addition, its temperature sensor application based on the different thermal-quenching characteristics of Mn²⁺ and Mn⁴⁺ was also evaluated.

中文翻译：

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通过 La3+ 掺杂调节 CaSb2O6 中的 Mn 自还原和多模态发光，用于四模动态防伪和光学温度传感应用

发光材料在光学防伪领域发挥着关键作用。然而，开发多模、多色动态荧光粉，使光学防伪更加先进和实用，仍然是一个巨大的挑战。在此，首次开发并详细研究了基于掺杂锰离子的单一CaSb ₂ O ₆ (CSO)主体的多模发光（PL、PersL、TL、PSL和PSPL）、动态多色发射荧光粉。观察到CSO晶体中Mn的部分自还原。通过Ca ^{2+离子的不等取代，与La 3+}离子共掺杂可以有效抑制Mn的自还原行为。此外，还发现通过调节La ³⁺掺杂浓度可以进一步调控CSO:Mn荧光粉的多模和动态发光特性，可作为新型防伪材料。在此，设计了一种新颖的四模式多色动态防伪“玫瑰花束”图案，只需具有两种发射波长（254和365 nm）的便携式紫外灯即可实现全面的防伪效果。该设计成本低、易于实现、功能先进，在光学防伪领域具有巨大的实际应用潜力。此外，还评估了其基于Mn ²⁺和Mn ^{4+不同热淬火特性的温度传感器应用。}