While the overuse of classical chemical pesticides has had a detrimental impact on the environment and human health, the discovery of RNA interference (RNAi) offered the opportunity to develop new and sustainable approaches for pest management. RNAi is a naturally occurring regulation and defense mechanism that can be exploited to effectively protect crops by silencing key genes affecting the growth, development, behavior or fecundity of pests. However, as with all technologies, there is a range of potential risks and challenges associated with the application of RNAi, such as dsRNA stability, the potential for off-target effects, the safety of non-target organisms, and other application challenges. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in RNAi and in-depth discussion and analysis of these associated safety risks, is required to limit or mitigate potential adverse effects. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

中文翻译：

---

基于 RNAi 的害虫防治的生物安全问题

虽然传统化学农药的过度使用对环境和人类健康产生了不利影响，但 RNA 干扰 (RNAi) 的发现为开发新的可持续害虫管理方法提供了机会。 RNAi 是一种自然发生的调节和防御机制，可通过沉默影响害虫生长、发育、行为或繁殖力的关键基因来有效保护作物。然而，与所有技术一样，RNAi 的应用存在一系列潜在风险和挑战，例如 dsRNA 稳定性、潜在的脱靶效应、非靶标生物体的安全性以及其他应用挑战。需要更好地了解 RNAi 涉及的分子机制，并深入讨论和分析这些相关的安全风险，以限制或减轻潜在的不利影响。 © 2024 化学工业协会。