Marine cloud brightening (MCB) is the deliberate injection of aerosol particles into shallow marine clouds to increase their reflection of solar radiation and reduce the amount of energy absorbed by the climate system. From the physical science perspective, the consensus of a broad international group of scientists is that the viability of MCB will ultimately depend on whether observations and models can robustly assess the scale-up of local-to-global brightening in today’s climate and identify strategies that will ensure an equitable geographical distribution of the benefits and risks associated with projected regional changes in temperature and precipitation. To address the physical science knowledge gaps required to assess the societal implications of MCB, we propose a substantial and targeted program of research—field and laboratory experiments, monitoring, and numerical modeling across a range of scales.

中文翻译：

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需要进行物理科学研究来评估海洋云增亮的可行性和风险

海洋云增亮（MCB）是故意将气溶胶颗粒注入浅海云中，以增加其对太阳辐射的反射并减少气候系统吸收的能量。从物理科学的角度来看，广泛的国际科学家群体的共识是，MCB 的可行性最终将取决于观测和模型是否能够稳健地评估当今气候下局部到全球增亮的规模，并确定策略将确保与预计的区域温度和降水变化相关的效益和风险的公平地理分配。为了解决评估 MCB 的社会影响所需的物理科学知识差距，我们提出了一项实质性且有针对性的研究计划——各种尺度的现场和实验室实验、监测和数值建模。