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The Origin and Evolution of Sex Peptide and Sex Peptide Receptor Interactions
Molecular Biology and Evolution ( IF 10.7 ) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 , DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msae065
Junhui Peng 1 , Nicolas Svetec 1 , Henrik Molina 2 , Li Zhao 1
Affiliation  

Post-mating responses play a vital role in successful reproduction across diverse species. In fruit flies, sex peptide (SP) binds to the sex peptide receptor (SPR), triggering a series of post-mating responses. However, the origin of SPR predates the emergence of SP. The evolutionary origins of the interactions between SP and SPR and the mechanisms by which they interact remain enigmatic. In this study, we used ancestral sequence reconstruction, AlphaFold2 predictions, and molecular dynamics simulations to study SP-SPR interactions and their origination. Using AlphaFold2 and long-time molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we predicted the structure and dynamics of SP-SPR interactions. We show that SP potentially binds to the ancestral states of Diptera SPR. Notably, we found that only a few amino acid changes in SPR are sufficient for the formation of SP-SPR interactions. Ancestral sequence reconstruction and MD simulations further reveal that SPR interacts with SP through residues that are mostly involved in the interaction interface of an ancestral ligand, myoinhibitory peptides (MIPs). We propose a potential mechanism whereby SP-SPR interactions arise from the pre-existing MIP-SPR interface as well as early chance events both inside and outside the pre-existing interface that created novel SP-specific SP-SPR interactions. Our findings provide new insights into the origin and evolution of SP-SPR interactions and their relationship with MIP-SPR interactions.

中文翻译:

性肽和性肽受体相互作用的起源和进化

交配后反应对于不同物种的成功繁殖起着至关重要的作用。在果蝇中,性肽(SP)与性肽受体(SPR)结合,引发一系列交配后反应。然而,SPR 的起源早于 SP 的出现。 SP 和 SPR 之间相互作用的进化起源以及它们相互作用的机制仍然是个谜。在这项研究中,我们使用祖先序列重建、AlphaFold2 预测和分子动力学模拟来研究 SP-SPR 相互作用及其起源。使用 AlphaFold2 和长时间分子动力学 (MD) 模拟,我们预测了 SP-SPR 相互作用的结构和动力学。我们表明 SP 可能与双翅目 SPR 的祖先状态结合。值得注意的是,我们发现 SPR 中仅少数氨基酸变化就足以形成 SP-SPR 相互作用。祖先序列重建和 MD 模拟进一步揭示,SPR 通过残基与 SP 相互作用,这些残基主要参与祖先配体肌抑制肽 (MIP) 的相互作用界面。我们提出了一种潜在的机制,通过该机制,SP-SPR 相互作用源自预先存在的 MIP-SPR 界面以及预先存在的界面内部和外部的早期机会事件,这些事件创建了新颖的 SP 特定的 SP-SPR 相互作用。我们的研究结果为 SP-SPR 相互作用的起源和演变及其与 MIP-SPR 相互作用的关系提供了新的见解。
更新日期:2024-03-22
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