The expedited synthesis of advanced bifunctional catalysts from waste resources is promising for improving the application of Zn–air batteries (ZAB). In this study, a self-vulcanization strategy was developed to directly transform industrial organic cobalt dimethyldithiocarbamate (CDC) residue into bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts with an N,S-codoped carbon skeleton and a Co_1–xS/Co₉S₈ heterogeneous interface. The catalytic activity of the CDC-derived catalysts depended on the self-vulcanization temperature. CDC-800 exhibited bifunctional catalytic activity for oxygen evolution (η = 371 mV at 10 mA cm^–2) and oxygen reduction (E_1/2 = 0.76 V) reactions. The assembled rechargeable ZAB with a CDC-800 air cathode exhibited an excellent peak power density (75.2 mW cm^–2), specific capacity (873 mA h g_Zn^–1), and cycle stability (over 670 h), respectively. This superior catalytic performance mainly resulted from the self-vulcanized Co_1–xS/Co₉S₈ heterogeneous interface. Therefore, direct self-vulcanization of organic cobalt residues can contribute to the reduction of the pollution caused by hazardous wastes and sustainable preparation of high-performance bifunctional catalysts.

中文翻译：

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用于可充电锌空气电池的有机钴残渣自硫化异质界面

利用废弃资源快速合成先进的双功能催化剂有望改善锌空气电池（ZAB）的应用。在本研究中，开发了一种自硫化策略，将工业有机二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸钴（CDC）残留物直接转化为具有N,S共掺杂碳骨架和Co _{1– x} S/Co ₉ S ₈异质界面的双功能氧电催化剂。 CDC衍生催化剂的催化活性取决于自硫化温度。 CDC-800 对析氧反应（10 mA cm ^–2时，η = 371 mV ）和氧还原反应（E _1/2 = 0.76 V）表现出双功能催化活性。具有CDC-800空气阴极的组装可充电ZAB分别表现出优异的峰值功率密度（75.2 mW cm ^–2）、比容量（873 mA hg _Zn ^–1）和循环稳定性（超过670小时）。这种优异的催化性能主要源于自硫化的Co _{1– x} S/Co ₉ S ₈异质界面。因此，有机钴残渣直接自硫化有助于减少危险废物造成的污染，可持续制备高性能双功能催化剂。