Implantable sensors can directly interface with various organs for precise evaluation of health status. However, extracting signals from such sensors mainly requires transcutaneous wires, integrated circuit chips, or cumbersome readout equipment, which increases the risks of infection, reduces biocompatibility, or limits portability. Here, we develop a set of millimeter-scale, chip-less, and battery-less magnetic implants paired with a fully integrated wearable device for measuring biophysical and biochemical signals. The wearable device can induce a large amplitude damped vibration of the magnetic implants and capture their subsequent motions wirelessly. These motions reflect the biophysical conditions surrounding the implants and the concentration of a specific biochemical depending on the surface modification. Experiments in rat models demonstrate the capabilities of measuring cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) viscosity, intracranial pressure, and CSF glucose levels. This miniaturized system opens the possibility for continuous, wireless monitoring of a wide range of biophysical and biochemical conditions within the living organism.

中文翻译：

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毫米级磁性植入物与完全集成的可穿戴设备配对，用于无线生物物理和生化传感

植入式传感器可以直接与各种器官连接，以精确评估健康状况。然而，从此类传感器中提取信号主要需要经皮电线、集成电路芯片或笨重的读出设备，这增加了感染风险、降低了生物相容性或限制了便携性。在这里，我们开发了一套毫米级、无芯片、无电池的磁性植入物，搭配完全集成的可穿戴设备，用于测量生物物理和生化信号。可穿戴设备可以引起磁性植入物的大幅度阻尼振动，并无线捕获其随后的运动。这些运动反映了植入物周围的生物物理条件以及取决于表面修饰的特定生化物质的浓度。大鼠模型实验证明了测量脑脊液 (CSF) 粘度、颅内压和 CSF 葡萄糖水平的能力。这种小型化系统为连续、无线监测生物体内的各种生物物理和生化状况提供了可能性。