Dye-sensitized solar cells, represent the alternate technology in solar research due to their cost effective, easy fabrication processes, higher efficiencies, and design flexibility. In this research, dual donor group modified zinc porphyrin dyes, have been synthesized for DSSCs. The complexes of zinc porphyrin functioned as acceptor or attaching groups within each mesophenyl ring and carboxylic acid. These complexes exhibited diverse alkyl substituents and sizable electron-donating substituents, contributing to their varied chemical structures and potential applications. The dual Donor-π bridge -Acceptor group sensitizers, Zn[5,15-diphenylcarbazole-10,20-(4-carboxyphenyl) Porphyrin] and Zn [5,15-thiadiazole-10,20-(4-carboxyphenyl) Porphyrin] have been synthesized and adopted for DSSCs implementation. The molar absorption coefficients () of KSR-2 and KSR-1 Soret bands were 0.56 x 10 mol/L/cm and 0.47 x 10 mol/L/cm, respectively. The Q bands of the KSR-1 and KSR-2 dyes were 1.10 x 10 mol/L/cm and 1.0 x 10 mol/L/cm, respectively and the molar absorption coefficient of the KSR-1 dye was greater when compared to the KSR-2 dye. The molar absorption coefficient of 0.71 x 105 mol/L/cm was visible in the KSR -1 Q-band. DFT calculations and the electrochemical characteristics of the KSR-1 and KSR-2 dyes have been studied and discussed. The exploration involved in investigating the photophysical properties and photovoltaic performance which were affected by varying the length and number of the donor entities. The wall-plug efficiency of the KSR-1 based solar panel was V = 0.68 V, J = 8.94 mA/m, FF = 56 and Efficiency (μ) = 3.44%. The wall-plug efficiency of the KSR-2 based solar panel was V = 0.63 V, J = 5.42 mA/m, FF = 53 and Efficiency (μ) = 1.83%.

中文翻译：

---

4-羧基苯基作为染料敏化太阳能电池纳米锌卟啉的有效供体基团


染料敏化太阳能电池因其成本效益高、制造工艺简单、效率更高和设计灵活性而代表了太阳能研究中的替代技术。在本研究中，为 DSSC 合成了双供体基团修饰的锌卟啉染料。锌卟啉复合物在每个间苯环和羧酸内充当受体或连接基团。这些配合物表现出不同的烷基取代基和大量的给电子取代基，有助于其不同的化学结构和潜在的应用。双供体-π桥-受体基团敏化剂，Zn[5,15-二苯基咔唑-10,20-(4-羧基苯基)卟啉]和Zn[5,15-噻二唑-10,20-(4-羧基苯基)卟啉]已被综合并用于 DSSC 的实施。 KSR-2和KSR-1 Soret谱带的摩尔吸收系数()分别为0.56 x 10 mol/L/cm和0.47 x 10 mol/L/cm。 KSR-1和KSR-2染料的Q带分别为1.10 x 10 mol/L/cm和1.0 x 10 mol/L/cm，并且与KSR-1染料相比，KSR-1染料的摩尔吸光系数更大。 KSR-2 染料。在 KSR -1 Q 波段可见摩尔吸收系数为 0.71 x 105 mol/L/cm。对 KSR-1 和 KSR-2 染料的 DFT 计算和电化学特性进行了研究和讨论。该探索涉及研究受不同供体实体长度和数量影响的光物理特性和光伏性能。基于 KSR-1 的太阳能电池板的电光转换效率为 V = 0.68 V，J = 8.94 mA/m，FF = 56，效率 (μ) = 3.44%。基于 KSR-2 的太阳能电池板的电光转换效率为 V = 0.63 V，J = 5.42 mA/m，FF = 53，效率 (μ) = 1.83%。