Among non-viral vectors, lipid nanovectors are considered the gold standard for the delivery of RNA therapeutics. The success of lipid nanoparticles for RNA delivery, with three products approved for human use, has stimulated further investigation into RNA therapeutics for different pathologies. This requires decoding the pathological intracellular processes and tailoring the delivery system to the target tissue and cells. The complexity of the lipid nanovectors morphology originates from the assembling of the lipidic components, which can be elicited by various methods able to drive the formation of nanoparticles with the desired organization. In other cases, pre-formed nanoparticles can be mixed with RNA to induce self-assembly and structural reorganization into RNA-loaded nanoparticles. In this review, the most relevant lipid nanovectors and their potentialities for RNA delivery are described on the basis of the assembling mechanism and of the particle architecture.

中文翻译：

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用于 RNA 递送的脂质纳米粒子：自组装与驱动组装策略

在非病毒载体中，脂质纳米载体被认为是传递 RNA 治疗药物的黄金标准。用于 RNA 递送的脂质纳米颗粒的成功以及三种产品被批准用于人类，刺激了对不同病理学的 RNA 疗法的进一步研究。这需要解码病理性细胞内过程并根据目标组织和细胞定制递送系统。脂质纳米载体形态的复杂性源于脂质成分的组装，可以通过能够驱动具有所需组织的纳米颗粒的形成的各种方法来引发。在其他情况下，预成型的纳米颗粒可以与 RNA 混合，以诱导自组装和结构重组，形成负载 RNA 的纳米颗粒。在这篇综述中，根据组装机制和颗粒结构描述了最相关的脂质纳米载体及其 RNA 递送的潜力。