In response to the problems of excessive greenhouse-gas and particulate emissions and the low traction efficiency of conventional diesel tractors in the field, a purely electric wheel-side drive tractor was studied, including an electric motor drive system, a battery ballast system, and an electro-hydraulic suspension system. This paper develops a dynamics model of an electric tractor-ploughing unit under complex soil conditions, leading to the proposal of an active control method for drive wheel torque and a joint control method for the traction force of the suspension system and the front- and rear-axle loads of a tractor. Finally, the tractor is prototyped and assembled, and ploughing tests are carried out. The ploughing results show that the active torque-distribution control method proposed in this study reduces the tractor slip by 14.83% and increases the traction efficiency by 10.28% compared with the average torque-distribution mode. Compared with the conventional traction control mode, the joint control method for traction and ballast proposed in this paper results in a 3.7% increase in traction efficiency, a 15.05% decrease in slip, and a 4.9% reduction in total drive motor energy consumption. This study will help to improve the operation quality and traction efficiency of electric tractors in complex soil conditions.

中文翻译：

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使用纯电动轮驱动拖拉机减少作业排放并提高工作效率

针对传统柴油拖拉机在田间作业时温室气体和颗粒物排放超标以及牵引效率低的问题，研究了一种纯电动轮边驱动拖拉机，包括电动机驱动系统、电池镇流器系统、电动液压悬架系统。本文建立了复杂土壤条件下电动拖拉机犁耕机组的动力学模型，提出了驱动轮扭矩主动控制方法以及悬架系统和前后轮牵引力联合控制方法。 -拖拉机的轴负载。最后，对拖拉机进行样机组装并进行犁耕试验。耕作结果表明，与平均扭矩分配方式相比，本文提出的主动扭矩分配控制方法使拖拉机滑转率降低了14.83%，牵引效率提高了10.28%。与传统牵引控制方式相比，本文提出的牵引与道碴联合控制方法，牵引效率提高3.7%，滑差降低15.05%，驱动电机总能耗降低4.9%。该研究将有助于提高电动拖拉机在复杂土壤条件下的作业质量和牵引效率。