Hydrogel sensors have been widely researched for their good biocompatibility and mechanical properties similar to those of human skin, enabling the monitoring and transmission of a wide range of signals, thus promoting the development of flexible wearable electronic devices. However, long-term direct contact between hydrogel sensors and human skin can cause bacterial infection phenomena, and endowing hydrogel materials with antimicrobial properties is an important challenge in sensing applications. Here, an antimicrobial hydrogel was researched and explored via a freeze–thaw method introducing soluble starch, polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride, glycerin, lithium chloride, and polyvinyl alcohol. The hydrogel expressed remarkable frost resistance, water retention, fatigue resistance, stability, sensitivity, responsiveness, electrical conductivity. The hydrogel exhibited an inhibitory loop resistant to Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis and emerged an inhibitory stability over 7 days. Simultaneously, the hydrogel expressed biocompatibility without tissue contamination, inflammation and other adverse phenomena under the skin of mice for 14 days. Furthermore, the hydrogel could record the signals of deformation during the process of the human motion. Therefore, the simple strategy is promising for medical fields including human motion detection, physiological signal recording and medical health detection.

中文翻译：

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用于生物相容性和防冻可穿戴传感器的离子导电可溶性淀粉水凝胶

水凝胶传感器因其良好的生物相容性和与人体皮肤相似的机械性能而被广泛研究，能够监测和传输多种信号，从而推动柔性可穿戴电子设备的发展。然而，水凝胶传感器与人体皮肤长期直接接触会引起细菌感染现象，赋予水凝胶材料抗菌性能是传感应用中的重要挑战。在此，通过冻融方法，引入可溶性淀粉、聚六亚甲基双胍盐酸盐、甘油、氯化锂和聚乙烯醇，研究和探索了抗菌水凝胶。该水凝胶表现出显着的抗冻性、保水性、抗疲劳性、稳定性、敏感性、响应性、导电性。该水凝胶表现出对大肠杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的抑制环，并在 7 天内表现出抑制稳定性。同时，该水凝胶在小鼠皮下连续14天均表现出生物相容性，无组织污染、炎症等不良现象。此外，水凝胶可以记录人体运动过程中的形变信号。因此，这种简单的策略在人体运动检测、生理信号记录和医疗健康检测等医学领域具有广阔的前景。