Degradable polymers typically require prolonged exposure to harsh conditions for degradation, but this extended duration and severe treatment often result in incomplete breakdown, leading to the formation of harmful microplastics that pose significant environmental pollution risks. In this work, degradable alternating polyamide hard segments and soft crystallizable segments were combined by amide groups to design thermoplastic bio-based polyesteramide elastomers (PEAEs) with customizable properties and rapid degradability. The hard segment of the polymer features an alternating arrangement of amide and ester bonds. This arrangement facilitates the formation of small molecule monomers when the ester bond is broken, preventing microplastic contamination that may arise from incomplete degradation of the hard segment. Additionally, the inclusion of side groups in the soft segment disrupts the crystallization, enhancing its susceptibility to solvent penetration and thereby accelerating the degradation rate. After step-cyclic tensile tests, additional physical cross-linking points were formed in PEAEs to enhance their mechanical strength and elasticity. Furthermore, PEAEs demonstrated outstanding processing capabilities, including compounding, extrusion, pelletization, and spinning. This innovative approach introduces fresh design concepts for the industrial application of bio-based degradable polymers, playing a pivotal role in advancing resource conservation and environmental protection.

中文翻译：

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具有快速降解和高弹性的可持续超强聚酯酰胺弹性体

可降解聚合物通常需要长时间暴露在恶劣条件下才能降解，但这种延长的持续时间和严厉的处理往往会导致不完全分解，导致形成有害的微塑料，造成严重的环境污染风险。在这项工作中，可降解的交替聚酰胺硬链段和软可结晶链段通过酰胺基团结合在一起，设计出具有可定制性能和快速降解性的热塑性生物基聚酯酰胺弹性体（PEAE）。聚合物的硬链段具有酰胺键和酯键交替排列的特征。当酯键断裂时，这种排列有利于小分子单体的形成，防止硬链段不完全降解可能引起的微塑料污染。此外，软链段中包含侧基会破坏结晶，增强其对溶剂渗透的敏感性，从而加速降解速率。经过逐步循环拉伸测试后，PEAE 中形成了额外的物理交联点，以增强其机械强度和弹性。此外，PEAE 还表现出出色的加工能力，包括混炼、挤出、造粒和纺丝。这一创新方法为生物基可降解聚合物的工业应用引入了全新的设计理念，在促进资源节约和环境保护方面发挥了关键作用。