ImportanceUnderstanding trends in the representation of women and individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic populations in cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular subspecialty fellowships is essential to improving the diversity of the cardiology workforce.ObjectiveTo examine changes in the representation of women and underrepresented individuals in cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular subspecialty fellowships over time.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study of trainee sex and race and ethnicity in various training programs from 2008 to 2022 used data from the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education’s publicly available online source. Participants included all residents, internal medicine residents, general surgery residents, and fellows in cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular subspecialty fellowships.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPercentages of women and Black and Hispanic trainees in these programs were calculated for each year. Mann-Kendall tests were used to determine if changes over the years represented a significant trend.ResultsAmong the 3320 cardiovascular disease trainees in 2022, 848 (25.5%) were women, and 459 (13.8%) were Black or Hispanic, less than the representation among internal medicine trainees at 43.8% and 15.6%, respectively. However, the percentage of women trainees in cardiovascular disease significantly increased from 17.6% in 2008 (P = .001 for time trend) and also increased for interventional cardiology fellowships (from 6.3% in 2008 to 20.1% in 2022; P = .002). Over the same period, the proportion of women in general surgery increased from 27.4% to 45.2% (P < .001). The percentage of Black and Hispanic trainees in internal medicine significantly increased from 8.6% in 2012 (P < .001) while increases in general surgery were not statistically significant (9.7% to 16.1%; P = .35). There were also important increases in the percentages of Black and Hispanic trainees in cardiovascular disease (from 8.3% in 2012; P = .09) and interventional cardiology (3.8% to 13.4%; P = .12).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study, the representation of women in cardiovascular fellowships, including interventional cardiology, increased over recent years. While representation of Black and Hispanic individuals is low in all residencies, including cardiovascular fellowships, recent positive trends are important to recognize and provide hope to drive future efforts.

中文翻译：

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招募多元化的心脏病医生队伍

重要性了解心血管疾病和心血管亚专科研究金中女性和代表性不足的种族和族裔人群的代表性趋势对于改善心脏病学劳动力的多样性至关重要。目的检查心血管疾病和心血管亚专科中女性和代表性不足的个体的代表性变化设计、设置和参与者这项针对 2008 年至 2022 年各种培训项目中的受训者性别、种族和民族的横断面研究使用了研究生医学教育认证委员会公开在线资源的数据。参与者包括所有住院医师、内科住院医师、普外科住院医师以及心血管疾病和心血管亚专科研究金的研究员。主要成果和措施每年计算这些项目中女性、黑人和西班牙裔受训者的百分比。使用曼-肯德尔检验来确定多年来的变化是否代表了显着趋势。结果在 2022 年的 3320 名心血管疾病学员中，848 名（25.5%）是女性，459 名（13.8%）是黑人或西班牙裔，低于代表性内科实习生中的这一比例分别为 43.8% 和 15.6%。然而，女性学员患心血管疾病的比例较2008年的17.6%显着上升（磷= .001（时间趋势）），介入心脏病学奖学金也有所增加（从 2008 年的 6.3% 增加到 2022 年的 20.1%；磷= .002)。同期，普外科女性比例从27.4%上升至45.2%（磷< .001）。内科培训中黑人和西班牙裔学员的比例较 2012 年的 8.6% 显着增加（磷< .001），而普通外科手术的增加没有统计学意义（9.7% 至 16.1%；磷= .35）。黑人和西班牙裔学员患心血管疾病的比例也显着增加（2012 年为 8.3%；磷= .09）和介入心脏病学（3.8% 至 13.4%；磷= .12). 结论和相关性在这项研究中，近年来，女性在心血管研究（包括介入心脏病学）中的代表性有所增加。虽然黑人和西班牙裔人在所有住院医师培训中的代表性较低，包括心血管研究金，但最近的积极趋势对于认识并提供推动未来努力的希望很重要。