Autistic people are at increased risk of experiencing self-harm compared to the general population. However, it is unclear which tools are being used to assess self-harm in autistic people, or whether existing tools need to be adapted for this group. This two-stage systematic review aimed to identify tools used to assess self-harm in autistic and general population adults, evaluate these tools on their measurement properties, and make recommendations for their appropriate use in research and clinical practice. Four databases were systematically searched (PsycINFO, Embase, MEDLINE and Web of Science). Eight frequently used self-harm assessment tools were identified and assessed for risk of bias, criteria for good measurement properties, and quality of evidence using the COSMIN checklist. Of these, two tools had sufficient evidence of internal consistency (ISAS, QNSSI), and one had been frequently used with autistic adults (NSSI-AT). These three tools may have potential for use with autistic adults but require further investigation for content validity and measurement properties in the autistic population. More research and potential adaptations to current self-harm assessment tools are recommended in order to better conceptualise and understand self-harm and its measurement in autism.

中文翻译：

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用于评估自闭症和普通成年人自残的工具的测量特性

与普通人群相比，自闭症患者发生自残的风险更高。然而，目前尚不清楚哪些工具可用于评估自闭症患者的自残行为，也不清楚现有工具是否需要针对该群体进行调整。这项两阶段的系统评价旨在确定用于评估自闭症和普通成人人群自残的工具，评估这些工具的测量特性，并就其在研究和临床实践中的适当使用提出建议。系统地检索了四个数据库（PsycINFO、Embase、MEDLINE 和 Web of Science）。确定了八种常用的自残评估工具，并使用 COSMIN 检查表评估了偏倚风险、良好测量属性的标准和证据质量。其中，两种工具具有足够的内部一致性证据（ISAS、QNSSI），另一种工具经常用于自闭症成人（NSSI-AT）。这三种工具可能有用于成人自闭症患者的潜力，但需要进一步研究自闭症人群的内容有效性和测量特性。建议对当前的自残评估工具进行更多研究和潜在的调整，以便更好地概念化和理解自残及其对自闭症的测量。