Surgical site infections (SSIs), mainly caused by , pose a significant economic burden in Europe, leading to increased hospitalization duration, mortality, and treatment costs, particularly with drug-resistant strains such as meticillin-resistant . To conduct a case–control study on the economic impact of SSI in adult surgical patients across high-volume centres in France, Germany, Spain, and the UK, aiming to assess the overall and procedure-specific burden across Europe. The SALT study is a multinational, retrospective cohort study with a nested case–control analysis focused on SSI in Europe. The study included participants from France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the UK who underwent invasive surgery in 2016 and employed a micro-costing approach to evaluate health economic factors, matching SSI cases with controls. In 2016, among 178,904 surgical patients in five European countries, 764 developed SSI. Matching 744 cases to controls, the study revealed that SSI cases incurred higher immediate hospitalization costs (€8,810), compared to controls (€6,032). Additionally, SSI cases exhibited increased costs for readmissions within the first year post surgery (€7,961.6 versus €5,298.6), with significant differences observed. Factors associated with increased surgery-related costs included the cost of hospitalization immediately after surgery, first intensive care unit (ICU) admission within 12 months, and hospital readmission within 12 months, as identified through multivariable analysis. The higher rates of hospitalization, ICU admissions, and readmissions among SSI cases highlight the severity of these infections and their impact on healthcare costs, emphasizing the potential benefits of evidence-based infection control measures and improved patient care to mitigate the economic burden.

中文翻译：

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手术部位感染的成本和资源利用模式：来自法国、德国、西班牙和英国的 COVID-19 之前的视角

手术部位感染 (SSI) 主要由 引起，在欧洲造成了沉重的经济负担，导致住院时间增加、死亡率增加、治疗费用增加，尤其是耐药菌株，如耐甲氧西林 。对法国、德国、西班牙和英国的高容量中心的成年外科患者进行 SSI 经济影响的病例对照研究，旨在评估整个欧洲的总体负担和特定手术负担。SALT 研究是一项跨国回顾性队列研究，采用嵌套病例对照分析，重点关注欧洲的 SSI。该研究包括来自法国、德国、意大利、西班牙和英国的参与者，他们在 2016 年接受了侵入性手术，并采用微观成本法评估健康经济因素，将 SSI 病例与对照组进行匹配。2016 年，在五个欧洲国家的 178,904 名外科患者中，有 764 人患上了 SSI。这项研究将 744 例病例与对照组进行匹配，结果显示 SSI 病例的即时住院费用（8,810 欧元）高于对照组（6,032 欧元）。此外，SSI 病例在术后第一年内再入院的费用有所增加（7,961.6 欧元对 5,298.6 欧元），差异显著。通过多变量分析发现，与手术相关费用增加相关的因素包括术后即时住院费用、12 个月内首次入住重症监护病房 (ICU) 以及 12 个月内再次入院。SSI 病例的住院率、ICU 入院率和再入院率较高，凸显了这些感染的严重性及其对医疗费用的影响，强调了循证感染控制措施和改善患者护理对减轻经济负担的潜在益处。