The anammox dynamic membrane bioreactor (DMBR) is promising in applications with enhanced anammox biomass enrichment and fouling alleviation. However, the metabolic mechanism underlying the functional features of anammox sludge and the biofilm membrane is still obscure. We investigated the metabolic networks of anammox sludge and membrane biofilm in the DMBR. The cooperation between anammox and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium processes favored the robust anammox process in the DMBR. The rapid bacterial growth occurred in the DMBR sludge with 1.33 times higher biomass yield compared to the MBR sludge, linked to the higher activities of lipid metabolism, nucleotide metabolism, and B vitamin-related metabolism of the DMBR sludge. The metabolism of the DMBR biofilm microbial community benefited the fouling alleviation that the abundant fermentative bacteria and their cooperation with the anammox sludge microbial community promoted organics degradation. The intensified degradation of foulants by the DMBR biofilm community was further evidenced by the active carbohydrate metabolism and the upregulated vitamin B intermediates in the biofilms of the DMBR. Our findings provide insights into key metabolic mechanisms for enhanced biomass enrichment and fouling control of the anammox DMBR, guiding manipulations and applications for overcoming anammox biomass loss in the treatment of wastewater under detrimental environmental conditions.

中文翻译：

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厌氧氨氧化动态膜生物反应器中厌氧氨氧化生物质富集和膜污染减轻的代谢特征和微生物协同机制

厌氧氨氧化动态膜生物反应器（DMBR）在增强厌氧氨氧化生物质富集和污染减轻的应用中具有广阔的前景。然而，厌氧氨氧化污泥和生物膜的功能特征背后的代谢机制仍然不清楚。我们研究了 DMBR 中厌氧氨氧化污泥和膜生物膜的代谢网络。厌氧氨氧化和异化硝酸盐还原成铵工艺之间的合作有利于 DMBR 中稳健的厌氧氨氧化工艺。 DMBR 污泥中细菌快速生长，其生物量产量是 MBR 污泥的 1.33 倍，这与 DMBR 污泥的脂质代谢、核苷酸代谢和 B 族维生素相关代谢的较高活性有关。 DMBR生物膜微生物群落的代谢有利于污染的缓解，丰富的发酵细菌及其与厌氧氨氧化污泥微生物群落的合作促进了有机物的降解。 DMBR 生物膜群落中活跃的碳水化合物代谢和维生素 B 中间体的上调进一步证明了 DMBR 生物膜群落对污染物的强化降解。我们的研究结果为增强厌氧氨氧化DMBR的生物量富集和污垢控制的关键代谢机制提供了见解，指导了克服有害环境条件下废水处理中厌氧氨氧化生物量损失的操作和应用。