Background Despite being the sixth most common infectious disease globally, transmission of Streptococcus pyogenes (Strep A) within the household remains an understudied driver of infection. We undertook a systematic review to better understand the transmission of Strep A between people within the home while highlighting opportunities for prevention. Methods A search strategy was applied to five databases between September 2022 and March 2023. Results were limited to those published between January 2000 and March 2023. Texts were reviewed by two authors and the following data extracted: article details (title, author, year), study type, transmission year, country, participant age/s, infection status, molecular testing, and transmission mode. Funding was provided by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC, grant number GNT2010716). Results The final analysis comprised 28 texts. Only seven studies (25.0%) provided sufficient detail to identify the Strep A transmission mode. These were contact (4), vehicle (bedding; clothing; other fabric, and medical equipment, [2]), and contact with animals (1). All others were classified as household (specific mode unascertainable). Most articles reported outbreaks involving invasive Strep A infections. Conclusions There is limited literature regarding household transmission of Strep A. Understanding transmission in this setting remains imperative to guide control methods.

中文翻译：

---

对甲型链球菌家庭传播的系统审查：一个未被关注的潜在预防场所

背景 尽管化脓性链球菌 (Strep A) 是全球第六大常见传染病，但家庭内的传播仍然是感染的驱动因素。我们进行了系统审查，以更好地了解甲型链球菌在家中人与人之间的传播，同时强调预防的机会。方法 对 2022 年 9 月至 2023 年 3 月期间的五个数据库应用检索策略。结果仅限于 2000 年 1 月至 2023 年 3 月期间发表的结果。文本由两位作者审阅，并提取以下数据：文章详细信息（标题、作者、年份） 、研究类型、传播年份、国家、参与者年龄、感染状况、分子检测和传播模式。资金由澳大利亚国家健康和医学研究委员会（NHMRC，拨款号 GNT2010716）提供。结果最终分析包含28篇文本。只有七项研究 (25.0%) 提供了足够的细节来确定 A 型链球菌传播模式。这些是接触 (4)、交通工具（床上用品、衣服、其他织物和医疗设备 [2]）以及与动物的接触 (1)。所有其他均被归类为家庭（具体模式无法确定）。大多数文章报道了涉及侵袭性甲型链球菌感染的爆发。结论 关于甲型链球菌家庭传播的文献有限。了解这种情况下的传播对于指导控制方法仍然至关重要。