The formulation fundamentally determines the combustion characteristics and agglomeration behavior of propellants. This study compared the effects of four factors on the combustion, agglomeration, and combustion efficiency of nitramine solid propellants: the aluminum size, the ammonium perchlorate size, the nitramine size, and the mass ratio of ammonium perchlorate to nitramine. The comparison was conducted through a series of experimental methods including burning rate tests, collection of the condensed-phase combustion products, chemical titration, and physicochemical analysis. In terms of burning rate, reducing the particle sizes of aluminum powder and ammonium perchlorate, increasing the nitramine size, and increasing the mass ratio of ammonium perchlorate to nitramine all effectively enhance the burning rate. The influence of these four factors on burning rate, in descending order of impact, is: the mass ratio of ammonium perchlorate to nitramine > the ammonium perchlorate size > the aluminum size > the nitramine size. Regarding agglomeration and combustion efficiency, increasing the particle sizes of aluminum and nitramine, increasing the mass ratio of ammonium perchlorate to nitramine, and decreasing the ammonium perchlorate size can effectively inhibit agglomeration and enhance combustion efficiency. Among these, the ammonium perchlorate size has the greatest effect on enhancing the combustion efficiency, potentially increasing it by 16%. The nitramine size has the weakest impact on combustion efficiency, with a potential increase of 5.5%. The experimental results of this study can provide references for a deeper understanding of the combustion mechanisms of nitramine solid propellants, the establishment of combustion models, and the realization of formula optimization.

中文翻译：

---

硝胺固体推进剂配方对燃烧和团聚特性的影响

该配方从根本上决定了推进剂的燃烧特性和团聚行为。本研究比较了铝尺寸、高氯酸铵尺寸、硝胺尺寸以及高氯酸铵与硝胺质量比四个因素对硝胺固体推进剂燃烧、团聚和燃烧效率的影响。通过燃烧速率测试、凝聚相燃烧产物的收集、化学滴定和物理化学分析等一系列实验方法进行比较。在燃烧速率方面，减小铝粉和高氯酸铵的粒径、增大硝胺粒径、增大高氯酸铵与硝胺的质量比均能有效提高燃烧速率。这四个因素对燃烧速率的影响从大到小依次为：高氯酸铵与硝胺的质量比>高氯酸铵粒度>铝粒度>硝胺粒度。从结块和燃烧效率来看，增大铝和硝胺的粒径、增大高氯酸铵与硝胺的质量比、减小高氯酸铵粒径可以有效抑制结块，提高燃烧效率。其中，高氯酸铵粒径对提高燃烧效率的效果最大，可提高16%。硝胺尺寸对燃烧效率的影响最弱，潜在增加5.5%。本研究的实验结果可为深入了解硝胺固体推进剂燃烧机理、建立燃烧模型、实现配方优化提供参考。