Background Although the role of the vascular component in the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease is widely accepted and retinal vascular abnormalities are commonly observed in Parkinson’s disease patients, evidence connecting retinal vascular disorders with the risk of developing Parkinson’s disease is limited. We aimed to investigate the association between retinal vascular occlusion and the risk of developing Parkinson's disease in people over 60 years using a nationwide cohort. Methods From the 14-year South Korean National Health Insurance Service-Senior cohort, 11,210 incident retinal vascular occlusion patients and 11,210 propensity score, risk-matched controls were included. The incidence of Parkinson’s disease was estimated with a Poisson regression. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to investigate the associations between retinal vascular occlusion and risk of Parkinson’s disease. Results The incidence of Parkinson’s disease was 664.4 cases per 100,000 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI], 599.7–736.0) in the retinal vascular occlusion cohort. Individuals with retinal vascular occlusion had an increased incidence of Parkinson’s disease (hazard ratio [HR], 1.28; 95% CI, 1.10–1.49). Increased PD risk was predominantly observed in retinal artery occlusion patients (HR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.11–2.12), male patients (HR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.29–2.17), and 5 years after diagnosis (HR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.10–1.93). Conclusions Our findings suggest that a common pathophysiological pathway, such as vasculature changes, may exist between retinal vascular occlusion and Parkinson’s disease. Retinal vascular occlusion may be one of the risk factors associated with future development of Parkinson’s disease. The nature of this association warrants further investigation.

中文翻译：

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诊断视网膜血管阻塞后新发帕金森病的风险增加：一项为期 14 年的队列研究

背景 尽管血管成分在帕金森病病理生理学中的作用已被广泛接受，并且在帕金森病患者中常见视网膜血管异常，但将视网膜血管疾病与患帕金森病风险联系起来的证据有限。我们旨在通过全国队列研究 60 岁以上人群视网膜血管闭塞与患帕金森病风险之间的关联。方法 从 14 年韩国国民健康保险服务高级队列中纳入 11,210 名视网膜血管闭塞患者和 11,210 名倾向评分、风险匹配对照。帕金森病的发病率通过泊松回归进行估计。使用 Cox 比例风险回归模型研究视网膜血管阻塞与帕金森病风险之间的关联。结果 在视网膜血管闭塞队列中，帕金森病的发病率为每 10 万人年 664.4 例（95% 置信区间 [CI]，599.7–736.0）。视网膜血管阻塞的个体帕金森病的发病率增加（风险比[HR]，1.28；95% CI，1.10-1.49）。PD风险增加主要见于视网膜动脉闭塞患者（HR，1.53；95% CI，1.11-2.12）、男性患者（HR，1.67；95% CI，1.29-2.17）和诊断后5年（HR，1.46） ；95% CI，1.10–1.93）。结论 我们的研究结果表明，视网膜血管闭塞和帕金森病之间可能存在共同的病理生理学途径，例如血管变化。视网膜血管闭塞可能是与帕金森病未来发展相关的危险因素之一。该关联的性质值得进一步调查。