Quantum effects in photosynthetic energy transport in nature, especially for the typical Fenna-Matthews-Olson (FMO) complexes, are extensively studied in quantum biology. Such energy transport processes can be investigated as open quantum systems that blend the quantum coherence and environmental noise, and have been experimentally simulated on a few quantum devices. However, the existing experiments always lack a solid quantum simulation for the FMO energy transport due to their constraints to map a variety of issues in actual FMO complexes that have rich biological meanings. Here we successfully map the full coupling profile of the seven-site FMO structure by comprehensive characterisation and precise control of the evanescent coupling of the three-dimensional waveguide array. By applying a stochastic dynamical modulation on each waveguide, we introduce the base site energy and the dephasing term in coloured noise to faithfully simulate the power spectral density of the FMO complexes. We show our photonic model well interprets the phenomena including reorganisation energy, vibrational assistance, exciton transfer and energy localisation. We further experimentally demonstrate the existence of an optimal transport efficiency at certain dephasing strength, providing a window to closely investigate environment-assisted quantum transport.

自然界光合能量传输中的量子效应，特别是典型的 Fenna-Matthews-Olson (FMO) 复合物，在量子生物学中得到了广泛的研究。这种能量传输过程可以作为混合量子相干性和环境噪声的开放量子系统来研究，并且已经在一些量子设备上进行了实验模拟。然而，现有的实验始终缺乏对 FMO 能量传输的固体量子模拟，因为它们限制了绘制实际 FMO 复合体中具有丰富生物学意义的各种问题。在这里，我们通过对三维波导阵列瞬逝耦合的全面表征和精确控制，成功地绘制了七站点FMO结构的完整耦合轮廓。通过在每个波导上应用随机动态调制，我们引入了有色噪声中的基点能量和相移项，以忠实地模拟 FMO 复合体的功率谱密度。我们展示了我们的光子模型很好地解释了重组能、振动辅助、激子转移和能量局域化等现象。我们进一步通过实验证明了在一定的相移强度下存在最佳传输效率，为密切研究环境辅助的量子传输提供了一个窗口。