This essay discusses different approaches to studying transnational activism in historical perspective. In doing so, it concludes a review dossier in which several historians have commented on aspects of Daniel Laqua's book Activism across Borders since 1870: Causes, Campaigns and Conflicts in and beyond Europe (London, 2023). The author responds to the preceding pieces by addressing the contributors’ questions and arguments, while also noting how their pieces have applied his book's framework to different causes (e.g. anarchism, feminism, human rights, humanitarianism, labour). Moreover, this essay raises several wider points regarding the subject under consideration. For example, it stresses that activists’ notions regarding the interconnectedness of different causes could generate fresh ruptures. The discussion highlights the amorphous nature of transnational activism, including its potential use by vastly different movements, and it situates the book within a broader, and developing, research agenda.

中文翻译：

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对跨境行动主义的反思：回应

本文讨论了从历史角度研究跨国行动主义的不同方法。在此过程中，它总结了一份评论档案，其中几位历史学家对丹尼尔·拉夸的书的各个方面进行了评论1870 年以来的跨境行动主义：欧洲内外的原因、运动和冲突（伦敦，2023 年）。作者通过解决贡献者的问题和论点来回应前面的文章，同时也指出他们的文章如何将他的书的框架应用于不同的原因（例如无政府主义、女权主义、人权、人道主义、劳工）。此外，本文还就所考虑的主题提出了几个更广泛的观点。例如，它强调活动人士关于不同原因相互关联的观点可能会产生新的破裂。讨论强调了跨国行动主义的无定形性质，包括其被截然不同的运动的潜在用途，并将本书置于更广泛、不断发展的研究议程中。