With the development of electronic information science and technology, electromagnetic information security and electromagnetic pollution become more and more serious. Electromagnetic wave absorption (EMWA) rubber based on the absorbent of carbon with low density and good corrosion resistance is a kind of good EMWA materials for solving electromagnetic information security and electromagnetic pollution. In this article, three-dimensional network structure carbon nanofiber aerogels (3DNSCAs) are prepared by vacuum annealing of three-dimensional network structure agarose/zinc acetate obtained by freeze-drying of agarose/zinc acetate gel. The EMWA rubber composites with 2.2% (in mass) 3DNSCAs have almost the same density as silicone rubber (PDMS), and the dispersity of 3DNSCAs in PDMS is studied by rheological analysis. The effective absorption bandwidth (EAB, frequency for reflection loss <–10 dB) of the 2 mm thick PDMS/C-800 is 4 GHz, and the minimum value of reflection loss () is −52 dB with the thickness of 3.5 mm. The PDMS/C-1000 with the thickness of 3.5 mm has an EAB up to 4.8 GHz. Radar cross section (RCS) reduction of PDMS/C-800 can achieve 20 dBm at the frequency of 6 GHz.

中文翻译：

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低质量填充率碳纳米纤维气凝胶橡胶复合材料的电磁波吸收性能及流变行为

随着电子信息科学技术的发展，电磁信息安全和电磁污染问题日益严重。基于碳吸收剂的电磁波吸收橡胶，密度低、耐腐蚀性能好，是解决电磁信息安全和电磁污染问题的一种良好的电磁波吸收材料。本文通过对琼脂糖/醋酸锌凝胶冷冻干燥得到的三维网络结构琼脂糖/醋酸锌进行真空退火制备了三维网络结构碳纳米纤维气凝胶（3DNSCAs）。含有2.2%（质量）3DNSCAs的EMWA橡胶复合材料具有与硅橡胶（PDMS）几乎相同的密度，并且通过流变分析研究了3DNSCAs在PDMS中的分散性。2 mm 厚的 PDMS/C-800 的有效吸收带宽（EAB，反射损耗 <–10 dB 的频率）为 4 GHz，厚度为 3.5 mm 时反射损耗 () 的最小值为 -52 dB。厚度为 3.5 mm 的 PDMS/C-1000 的 EAB 高达 4.8 GHz。PDMS/C-800 的雷达截面积 (RCS) 降低可在 6 GHz 频率下实现 20 dBm。