The continuous use of insecticides over the last eight decades has led to the development of resistance to these insecticides. Research in the last few decades showed that the mechanisms underlying resistance are diverse but can generally be classified under several modes of resistance such as target-site resistance, metabolic resistance, and penetration resistance. In this review, we highlight new discoveries in insecticide resistance research made over the past few years, including an emerging new mode of resistance, sequestration resistance, where the overexpression of olfactory proteins binds and sequesters insecticides in resistant strains, as well as recent research on how posttranscriptional regulation can impact resistance. Future research will determine the generality of these emerging mechanisms across insect species.

中文翻译：

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新型和正在出现的杀虫剂抗性机制

过去八年中杀虫剂的持续使用导致了对这些杀虫剂的抗药性的发展。过去几十年的研究表明，耐药性的机制多种多样，但通常可以分为几种耐药模式，例如靶点耐药性、代谢耐药性和渗透耐药性。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了过去几年杀虫剂抗性研究的新发现，包括一种新兴的新抗性模式，即隔离抗性，其中嗅觉蛋白的过度表达在抗性菌株中结合并隔离杀虫剂，以及最近的研究转录后调控如何影响耐药性。未来的研究将确定这些新兴机制在昆虫物种中的普遍性。