Background We used a polygenic score for hand grip strength (PGS HGS) to investigate whether genetic predisposition for higher muscle strength predicts age-related noncommunicable diseases, survival from acute adverse health events, and mortality. Methods This study consisted of 342 443 Finnish biobank participants from FinnGen Data Freeze 10 (53% women) aged 40 to 108 with combined genotype and health registry data. Associations between PGS HGS and a total of 27 clinical endpoints were explored with linear or Cox regression models. Results A higher PGS HGS was associated with a reduced risk of selected common noncommunicable diseases and mortality by 2% to 10%. The risk for these medical conditions decreased by 5–23% for participants in the highest PGS HGS quintile compared to those in the lowest PGS HGS quintile. A one standard deviation (SD) increase in the PGS HGS predicted a lower body mass index (BMI) (β = −0.112 kg/m2, standard error (SE) = 0.017, P = 1.69E-11) in women but not in men (β = 0.004 kg/m2, P = 0.768). PGS HGS was not associated with better survival after acute adverse health events compared to the non-diseased period. Conclusions The genotype that supports higher muscle strength appears to protect against future health adversities, albeit with modest effect sizes. Further research is needed to investigate whether or how a favourable lifestyle modifies this intrinsic capacity to resist diseases, and if the impacts of lifestyle behaviour on health differ due to genetic predisposition for muscle strength.

中文翻译：

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肌肉力量的全基因组多基因评分可预测常见疾病和寿命的风险：一项前瞻性队列研究

背景我们使用握力多基因评分（PGS HGS）来研究较高肌肉力量的遗传倾向是否可以预测与年龄相关的非传染性疾病、急性不良健康事件的生存率和死亡率。方法 这项研究由来自 FinnGen Data Freeze 10 的 342 443 名芬兰生物库参与者（53% 为女性）组成，年龄在 40 至 108 岁之间，结合了基因型和健康登记数据。使用线性或 Cox 回归模型探讨了 PGS HGS 与总共 27 个临床终点之间的关联。结果 PGS 较高 HGS 与特定常见非传染性疾病的风险和死亡率降低 2% 至 10% 相关。与 PGS HGS 最低五分位数的参与者相比，PGS HGS 最高五分位数的参与者出现这些疾病的风险降低了 5-23%。PGS HGS 增加一个标准差 (SD) 可以预测女性的体重指数 (BMI) 较低（β = -0.112 kg/m2，标准误差 (SE) = 0.017，P = 1.69E-11），但女性则不然。男性（β = 0.004 kg/m2，P = 0.768）。与未患病时期相比，PGS HGS 与急性不良健康事件后更好的生存率无关。结论 支持更高肌肉力量的基因型似乎可以预防未来的健康逆境，尽管影响程度不大。需要进一步的研究来调查良好的生活方式是否或如何改变这种抵抗疾病的内在能力，以及生活方式行为对健康的影响是否因肌肉力量的遗传倾向而不同。