Coined by Suler [1], the online disinhibition effect (ODE) elucidates the attenuation of psychological barriers in individuals, during online interactions, thereby eliciting behaviors that diverge from those exhibited during face-to-face interactions [1]. The online milieu confers anonymity, is characterized by facile communication, and lacks eye contact, thereby serving as a crucible for the manifestation of ODE [2]. Primarily, ODE is shaped by six pivotal factors: asynchronicity, dissociative anonymity, dissociative imagination, invisibility, minimization of authority, and solipsistic introjection [1, 3]. To date, ODE has been categorized into two classes: benign disinhibition (BD) and toxic disinhibition (TD), which represent the poles of the behavioral spectrum [1].

BD commonly manifests as acts of service, kindness, generosity, and heightened self-disclosure of fears, emotions, secrets, and aspirations [4]. The extent of these manifestations is significantly influenced by situational cues, such as anonymity, invisibility, absence of eye contact, fostering self-disclosure, and prosocial conduct [5]. For instance, individuals grappling with social anxiety may find solace in expressing themselves more openly and articulating their feelings in cyberspace [6, 7].

由 Suler 提出的在线去抑制效应 (ODE) 阐明了在线互动过程中个体心理障碍的减弱，从而引发了与面对面互动期间表现出的行为不同的行为 [1]。网络环境具有匿名性、沟通方便、缺乏眼神交流等特点，因此成为 ODE 表现的严酷考验 [2]。ODE 主要由六个关键因素形成：异步性、分离匿名性、分离想象、隐形、权威最小化和唯我内射 [1, 3]。迄今为止，ODE 已分为两类：良性去抑制 (BD) 和毒性去抑制 (TD)，它们代表了行为谱的两极 [1]。

BD 通常表现为服务行为、仁慈、慷慨以及恐惧、情绪、秘密和愿望的高度自我暴露[4]。这些表现的程度很大程度上受到情境线索的影响，例如匿名、隐形、缺乏目光接触、促进自我表露和亲社会行为[5]。例如，应对社交焦虑的个人可以通过更公开地表达自己并在网络空间中表达自己的感受来寻求安慰[6, 7]。