With the increased integration of electronic devices, effective heat management becomes imperative. Thermally conductive phase change composites play a vital role by efficiently conducting heat and utilizing matrix phase change for heat storage. Conventional materials encounter difficulties such as low thermal conductivity, restricted heat storage density, and vulnerability to leakage. This study presents a novel method combining electrospinning and ice-templating method to produce aerogel microspheres with sea urchin-like structures, resolving mentioned issues. The microspheres exhibit a radial microstructure and controllable size, serving as efficient fillers for the easy production of high-performance phase change materials. The microspheres are able to create an efficient interlocking mechanism with surface spike structures, forming a continuous thermal conduction and spatially confined network in the composite material. At a filler content of 43.9 vol%, the thermal conductivity of the Al aerogel microsphere/paraffin composite reaches a peak value of 3.2 W/mK, accompanied by a contact thermal resistance of 1.2 × 10 Km/W. Subjecting the composite to elevated temperatures well above the matrix's phase change temperature preserves its structural stability. This work reports a new structured filler moulding method that supports the development of high performance thermally conductive phase change composites.

中文翻译：

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海胆气凝胶微球的协同静电纺丝和冰模板：揭示导热相变复合材料的功能机制

随着电子设备集成度的提高，有效的热管理变得势在必行。导热相变复合材料通过有效传导热量和利用基体相变进行储热而发挥着至关重要的作用。传统材料面临导热率低、储热密度有限、容易泄漏等困难。本研究提出了一种结合静电纺丝和冰模板法来生产具有海胆状结构的气凝胶微球的新方法，解决了上述问题。微球具有径向微结构和可控尺寸，可作为高效填料，轻松生产高性能相变材料。微球能够与表面尖峰结构建立有效的联锁机制，在复合材料中形成连续的热传导和空间限制的网络。当填料含量为43.9 vol%时，Al气凝胶微球/石蜡复合材料的导热系数达到峰值3.2 W/mK，接触热阻为1.2×10 Km/W。将复合材料置于远高于基体相变温度的高温下可以保持其结构稳定性。这项工作报告了一种新的结构化填料成型方法，该方法支持高性能导热相变复合材料的开发。