Aims/IntroductionIn 2021, the guidelines on gestational weight gain (GWG) were revised and increased by 2–3 kg in Japan. This study aimed to investigate whether the revised guidelines would increase the incidence of babies with excessive birth weight in mothers with diabetes.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective study included 369 deliveries of women with diabetes whose pre‐pregnancy body mass index was below 30 kg/m2 between 1982 and 2021. The primary outcome measure was large for gestational age (LGA). We compared the incidence of LGA between women who gained weight within the previous guidelines and women who gained weight within the revised guidelines. We also compared the incidence of macrosomia, preeclampsia, small for gestational age (SGA), and low birth weight.ResultsThe incidence of LGA was not significantly different between women who gained weight within the revised guidelines and those within the previous guidelines (34.6% [95% confidence interval 25.6–44.6%] for the revised guidelines vs 28.9% [21.6–37.1%] for the previous guidelines; P = 0.246). Neither was the incidence of macrosomia or preeclampsia significantly different (8.7% [4.0–15.8%] vs 5.6% [2.5–10.8%] and 5.8% [2.1–12.1%] vs 6.3% [2.9–11.7%]; P = 0.264 and 0.824, respectively), while women who gained weight within the revised guidelines had a lower incidence of SGA (1.9% [0.2–6.8%] vs 10.6% [6.0–16.8%]; P = 0.001) and low birth weight (1.0% [0.02–5.2%] vs 7.0% [3.4–12.6%]; P = 0.023).ConclusionsThe revised GWG guidelines could be beneficial in women with diabetes in terms of delivering babies with appropriate birth weight.

中文翻译：

---

日本糖尿病女性婴儿出生体重与妊娠期体重增加之间的关系

目标/简介2021年，日本对妊娠期体重增加（GWG）指南进行了修订，增加了2-3公斤。本研究旨在探讨修订后的指南是否会增加糖尿病母亲出生体重超重婴儿的发生率。 材料与方法这项回顾性研究纳入了 369 名孕前体重指数低于 30 kg/m 的糖尿病女性分娩者21982 年至 2021 年间。主要结局指标是大胎龄 (LGA)。我们比较了在先前指南范围内体重增加的女性和在修订指南范围内体重增加的女性之间的 LGA 发生率。我们还比较了巨大儿、先兆子痫、小于胎龄 (SGA) 和低出生体重的发生率。结果在修订指南内体重增加的女性与之前指南内体重增加的女性之间，LGA 的发生率没有显着差异 (34.6% [修订后指南的 95% 置信区间为 25.6–44.6%]，而之前的指南为 28.9% [21.6–37.1%]；磷= 0.246）。巨大儿或先兆子痫的发生率也没有显着差异（8.7% [4.0–15.8%] vs 5.6% [2.5–10.8%] 和 5.8% [2.1–12.1%] vs 6.3% [2.9–11.7%]；磷= 0.264 和 0.824，分别），而在修订指南内体重增加的女性 SGA 发生率较低（1.9% [0.2–6.8%] vs 10.6% [6.0–16.8%]；磷= 0.001）和低出生体重（1.0% [0.02–5.2%] vs 7.0% [3.4–12.6%]；磷= 0.023）。结论 修订后的 GWG 指南可能对患有糖尿病的妇女分娩具有适当出生体重的婴儿有益。