Synthetic micas are materials with interesting properties that combine high charge (high cation exchange capacity) with swelling capacity. Among the various methods for synthesizing this clay, the “NaCl-melt method” is the most widely used, producing a material with excellent crystallinity. Furthermore, synthetic micas are also susceptible to modifications with a wide range of compounds, mainly organic compounds, which further increases their reactivity. Thus, this Review addresses the properties and syntheses of this clay. The types of modifications used and the changes that occur in the properties of this clay are reported, in addition to applications in the removal of contaminating compounds that can be found in water. Research to date has demonstrated that synthetic mica-based adsorbents are versatile in the adsorption of various contaminants, such as metals, pharmaceuticals and others. Therefore, this material can be promising in the adsorption and release of drugs, bioactive compounds, enzymes, proteins, etc., thus increasing its field of application.

中文翻译：

---

合成高电荷云母及其用途概述

合成云母是具有有趣特性的材料，将高电荷（高阳离子交换容量）与溶胀能力结合在一起。在合成这种粘土的各种方法中，“氯化钠熔融法”应用最广泛，可生产出结晶度优异的材料。此外，合成云母还容易被多种化合物（主要是有机化合物）改性，这进一步增加了它们的反应性。因此，本综述讨论了这种粘土的特性和合成。除了在去除水中存在的污染化合物方面的应用之外，还报告了所使用的改性类型和该粘土性质发生的变化。迄今为止的研究表明，合成云母吸附剂可用于吸附各种污染物，例如金属、药物等。因此，该材料在药物、生物活性化合物、酶、蛋白质等的吸附和释放方面具有广阔的前景，从而扩大了其应用领域。