The present study describes the use of a novel and eco-friendly biogenic approach for the synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles (Cu₂O NPs) utilizing Cucumis melo (musk melon) peel extract for the first time. The extract was discovered to consist of active chemical constituents that function as both reducing and stabilizing agents. The successful synthesis of Cu₂O NPs is authenticated by several analytical and spectroscopic characterization methods. Furthermore, the catalytic performance of Cu₂O NPs was examined for a cost-effective, sustainable and base-free synthesis of pharmaceutically important quinazolinone derivatives without the use of external ligands or additives. Significantly, the molecular complexation of the synthesized N-heterocycles is being examined, and successful synthesis of targets on a gram scale has been accomplished. Furthermore, the recyclability of the catalyst, control experiments, and the clarification of the underlying mechanisms were discussed in detail.

中文翻译：

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用于 N 原子插入反应的生物质衍生的 Cu2O 纳米粒子：采用绿色方法无碱合成喹唑啉酮

本研究首次描述了使用一种新颖且环保的生物方法，利用甜瓜皮提取物合成氧化铜纳米粒子（Cu ₂ O NPs） 。人们发现该提取物由活性化学成分组成，可充当还原剂和稳定剂。_{Cu 2} O NPs的成功合成通过多种分析和光谱表征方法得到验证。_{此外，还检查了 Cu 2} O NP的催化性能，以便在不使用外部配体或添加剂的情况下，以经济高效、可持续且无碱的方式合成药学上重要的喹唑啉酮衍生物。值得注意的是，正在检查合成的N-杂环的分子络合，并且已经成功完成了克级目标的合成。此外，还详细讨论了催化剂的可回收性、控制实验以及潜在机制的阐明。