This comprehensive study presents a successful synthesis and characterization of an innovative ionic liquid (IL)-based mesopore SBA-16 catalyst for the conversion of biomass-derived carbohydrates into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) in the presence of 15 deep eutectic solvents (DESs). The synthesized catalyst was thoroughly characterized using various analytical techniques, including XRD, FT-IR, TGA, BET, SEM/TEM imaging, EDX, and XPS analysis. The environmentally friendly DES was exploited as a novel solvent system for the catalytic process, encompassing a wide range of carbohydrates such as fructose, glucose, sucrose, mannose, tagatose, galactose, lactose, starch, and cellulose. Under finely optimized experimental conditions, the dehydration reaction at room temperature achieved a notable 58% yield of 5-HMF after 45 min of sonication at 350 W power. Furthermore, the reusability of the solvent–catalyst systems was demonstrated, showing high activity in repeated experiments. The catalyst exhibited exceptional performance in converting biomass-derived carbohydrates, yielding an impressive 93% of 5-HMF at 110 °C for 2 h. This research contributes to the development of sustainable catalytic systems for biomass conversion, emphasizing the potential of ionic liquid-based catalysts in DES for the synthesis of valuable platform chemicals.

中文翻译：

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优化生物质碳水化合物生产 5-羟甲基糠醛：超声和热条件下低共熔溶剂中的离子液体催化途径

这项综合研究展示了一种基于离子液体 (IL) 的创新介孔 SBA-16 催化剂的成功合成和表征，该催化剂可在 15 种低共熔溶剂存在下将生物质衍生的碳水化合物转化为 5-羟甲基糠醛 (5-HMF)（ DES）。使用各种分析技术对合成的催化剂进行了彻底的表征，包括 XRD、FT-IR、TGA、BET、SEM/TEM 成像、EDX 和 XPS 分析。环保型 DES 被用作催化过程的新型溶剂系统，涵盖多种碳水化合物，如果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、甘露糖、塔格糖、半乳糖、乳糖、淀粉和纤维素。在精细优化的实验条件下，室温下的脱水反应在 350 W 功率下超声处理 45 分钟后，5-HMF 产率达到了 58%。此外，还证明了溶剂-催化剂系统的可重复使用性，在重复实验中显示出高活性。该催化剂在转化生物质衍生的碳水化合物方面表现出卓越的性能，在 110°C 下 2 小时产生了令人印象深刻的 93% 的 5-HMF。这项研究有助于开发用于生物质转化的可持续催化系统，强调了 DES 中基于离子液体的催化剂在合成有价值的平台化学品方面的潜力。