Many women have to choose between having children and their athletic career.1 However, times are changing, and some elite female athletes are continuing to compete during pregnancy and the postpartum period (2 years following childbirth).1 2 Pregnant athletes should be encouraged, when medically safe, to exercise throughout their pregnancy and the postpartum period due to the health gains for both the mother and unborn child, similar to the non-athletic population.3 Appropriately, there are concerns about the safety of some exercise forms and durations during pregnancy and the postpartum period, especially for elite athletes who may have unique training demands and high-performance goals.3 At the beginning of 2016, the IOC produced a five-part consensus statement on exercise during pregnancy and the postpartum period, with systematic reviews on each area.2 4–9 The IOC also recently published gender equality and inclusion objectives that highlight the importance of female participation and growth in sport, and the IOC is committed to the ‘ promotion of women in sport at all …

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国际奥林匹克运动联合会的怀孕和产后政策和指导应包括哪些内容？

许多女性必须在生孩子和运动生涯之间做出选择。1 然而，时代在变化，一些优秀的女运动员在怀孕期间和产后期（产后 2 年）继续参加比赛。1 2 应鼓励怀孕运动员，在医学上安全的情况下，在整个怀孕期间和产后期间进行锻炼，因为这对母亲和未出生的孩子都有好处，与非运动人群类似。3 适当地，人们对怀孕期间某些锻炼形式和持续时间的安全性表示担忧。怀孕和产后期间，特别是对于可能有独特训练需求和高水平目标的精英运动员。 3 2016年初，国际奥委会制定了由五部分组成的关于怀孕和产后期间运动的共识声明，并进行了系统回顾2 4-9 国际奥委会最近还发布了性别平等和包容性目标，强调了女性参与体育运动和发展的重要性，并且国际奥委会致力于“促进女性参与体育运动……”