All layers and appendages of the skin are densely innervated by afferent and efferent neurons providing sensory information and controlling skin perfusion and sweating. In mice, neuronal functions have been comprehensively linked to unique single-cell expression patterns and to characteristic arborization of nerve endings in skin and dorsal horn, whereas for humans, specific molecular markers for functional classes of afferent neurons are still lacking. Moreover, bidirectional communication between sensory neurons and local skin cells has become of particular interest, resulting in a broader physiological understanding of sensory function but also of trophic functions and immunomodulation in disease states.

中文翻译：

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皮肤神经支配

皮肤的所有层和附属器都受到传入和传出神经元的密集支配，提供感觉信息并控制皮肤灌注和出汗。在小鼠中，神经元功能已与独特的单细胞表达模式以及皮肤和背角神经末梢的特征性树状化全面相关，而对于人类来说，仍然缺乏传入神经元功能类别的特定分子标记。此外，感觉神经元和局部皮肤细胞之间的双向通信已变得特别令人感兴趣，从而使人们对感觉功能以及疾病状态下的营养功能和免疫调节有了更广泛的生理理解。